Crosstalk patterns of necroptosis signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome in the colonic epithelium and its initial role in colitis.

Inflammation-mediated epithelial damage, including necroptosis of the intestinal epithelia, can lead to subsequent immune responses, but the molecular mechanisms of inflammation in the initial stages are not well understood. Based on cellular experiments and mouse models, we investigated the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome under necroptotic conditions, and its contribution to the inflammatory response in colitis. Our results showed that, under inflammatory conditions, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) undergo phosphor-MLKL-dependent necroptosis with subsequent activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome for caspase-1 activation and IL-1β maturation.

Salcastaniols A-G, seven undescribed diterpenoids with cholinesterase inhibitory activities from Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib.

Salcastaniols A-G (1-7), seven undescribed diterpenoids, together with 29 known ones, were isolated from Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy analysis, ECD experiments and quantum chemical calculation.

Companion animals as sources of hazardous critically important antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli: Genomic surveillance in Shanghai.

This study provides the first comprehensive genomic surveillance of critically important antimicrobial (CIA)-resistant Escherichia coli in companion animals, addressing gaps in the understanding of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) transmission dynamics and the environmental dissemination of hazardous resistance genes within urban ecosystems. A total of 244 CIA-resistant Escherichia coli (CIA-EC) isolates were obtained from 730 anal swabs collected across 11 pet hospitals in Shanghai. High-risk zoonotic clones, such as ST410 and ST405, were identified across multiple districts, with bla-positive IncX3 plasmids demonstrating exceptional stability, efficient conjugation, and broad host adaptability.

Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Decoction reduces colorectal cancer liver metastasis by promoting N1 neutrophil chemotaxis.

Objective: To observe the inhibitory effect and potential mechanism of Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Decoction (YHJD) on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We compared the changes of liver weight and liver index before and after YHJD treatment in CRC liver metastasis mouse models. HE staining was employed to observe the pathological changes in mouse liver tissue sections.

Oxybaphus himalaicus alleviates diabetic kidney disease by suppressing the lipid metabolism and inflammation via PPARα signaling.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication in patients with diabetes, and glycolipid metabolism disorders are an important cause of DKD. The root of Oxybaphus himalaicus (Edgew.) Heimerl is a traditional Tibetan medicine commonly used to treat kidney-related diseases.

Unveiling active nitrate and nitrite cycling in a eutrophic coastal bay, southern China from a dual isotope perspective.

Increased nutrient loading in coastal waters poses a threat to marine ecosystems. To develop effective management strategies, a clearer understanding of nitrogen cycle dynamics for the main species is crucial for understudied urbanized areas. By employing stable isotopes of nitrate (δN and δO) and the rarely reported nitrite isotopes, we found a decoupling between physical mixing and microbial transformative processes in the Xiamen Bay.

Status and frontiers of Fabre disease.

Fabry disease is characterized by an X sex chromosome gene mutation caused by α-galactosidase A deficiency, resulting in the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide and globotriaosylsphingosine in various organs, which induces end-organ lesions. In Fabry disease, enzymes with lost or decreased activity in the body are replaced by exogenous supplementation of normal-function α-galactosidase A. Currently, agalsidase α and agalsidase β are widely used for ERT therapy.

Finerenone Alleviates Over-Activation of Complement C5a-C5aR1 Axis of Macrophages by Regulating G Protein Subunit Alpha i2 to Improve Diabetic Nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), accounts for a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide, with a complicated pathogenesis and limited effective strategies nowadays. The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a classical ligand-activated nuclear transcription factor. It is expressed in the renal intrinsic and immune cells, especially macrophages.

4-phenylbutyric acid attenuates diabetes mellitus secondary to thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia syndrome by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Introduction: Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia syndrome (TRMA) is a rare genetic disease caused by mutations in the SLC19A2 gene that encodes thiamine transporter 1 (THTR-1). The common manifestations are diabetes, anaemia, and deafness. The pathogenic mechanism has not yet been clarified.

Differential transcriptome profiling of spp. influenced by the species divergence factors.

To reveal the differences in transcript levels of spp. from different species and hosts and their impacts on phylogenetic relationships, we focus on 27 strains from four species (, , and ) and three hosts (, and ) to conduct the transcriptome sequencing using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. Gene expression differences between strains from different species and hosts are analyzed, and the results of phylogenetic analysis at the transcriptome and genome levels are compared.

Claudin 1 dysregulation disrupts coronary microvascular integrity and impairs cardiac function.

Background And Aims: Claudin 1 (Cldn1) is a tight junction protein primarily known for its role in epithelial and endothelial barrier function. However, the role of Cldn1 in coronary microvascular barrier remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the biological effects of Cldn1 dysregulation on coronary vascular permeability, inflammation, fibrosis, and left ventricular function.

KLF9 mediates NLRP3 inflammasome and reactive oxygen species to mediate pyroptosis in trophoblasts.

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to explore the effect of KLF9 on oxidative stress (OS) and NLRP3-mediated inflammation in preeclampsia (PE).MethodsLipopolysaccharide (LPS)+adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells were used as an PE inflammation cell model. shRNA was used to interfere with KLF9 expression (sh-KLF9) to assess the transfection efficiency and the effect of KLF9 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.

Aged Biodegradable Nanoplastics Enhance Body Accumulation Associated with Worse Neuronal Damage in .

The environmental and health challenges posed by petroleum-based biodegradable plastics, such as polybutylene succinate (PBS) and polybutyleneadipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), are a significant concern because they are increasingly present in the environment and contribute a substantial proportion of microplastics (MPs) or nanoplastics (NPs). In this study, ultraviolet (UV)-aged PBS-NPs and PBAT-NPs are found to have a higher propensity to accumulate within the body of () by prolonging the defecation interval, which could induce severe neuronal damage compared to pristine NPs. The increased accumulation of biodegradable nanoplastics (BNPs) and subsequent impairments of neurobehavior are highly attributed to their reduced particle size and altered surface properties, including changed chemical bonds and functional groups after photoaging.

Comparative Effectiveness of Dual Biologic Therapy and Biologic Small-Molecule Therapy for Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Patients with refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face difficulty in the treatment strategy. Combined advanced targeted therapies may obtain higher therapeutic efficacy. However, few studies compare the efficacy and safety of dual biologic therapy (DBT) with biologic small-molecule therapy (BMT) for refractory IBD.

Using gut microbiota and non-targeted metabolomics techniques to study the effect of xylitol on alleviating DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease in mice.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global healthcare issue, with its incidence continuing to rise, but currently there is no complete cure. Xylitol is a widely used sweetener in various foods and beverages, but there is limited research on the effects of xylitol on IBD symptoms.

Aim: Study on the effect of oral xylitol in improving intestinal inflammation and damage in IBD mice, further explore the mechanism of xylitol in alleviating IBD symptoms using intestinal microbiota and non-targeted metabolomics techniques.

Far-red light-driven photoautotrophy of chlorophyll f-producing cyanobacterium without red-shifted phycobilisome core complex.

Chlorophyll (Chl) f production expands oxygenic photosynthesis of some cyanobacteria into the far-red light (FRL) region through reconstructed FRL-allophycocyanin (APC) cores and Chl f-containing photosystems. Presently, a unicellular cyanobacterium was isolated for studying FRL photoacclimation (FaRLiP) and classified as a new species Altericista leshanensis. It uses additional Chl f and FRL-APC cores, with retained white light (WL)-phycobiliproteins to thrive FRL conditions.

Adverse Outcome Pathway-Based Strategies to Mitigate AgSe Quantum Dot-Induced Neurotoxicity.

Silver selenide quantum dots (AgSe QDs) show great advantages in tumor imaging due to their excellent optical performance and good biocompatibility. However, the ultrasmall particle size of AgSe QDs allows them to cross the blood-brain barrier, thus potentially affecting the central nervous system. Therefore, risk assessment and response strategies for AgSe QDs are important.

Focus-Driven Augmented Feedback: Enhancing Focus and Maintaining Engagement in Upper Limb Virtual Reality Rehabilitation.

Integrating biofeedback technology, such as real-time eye-tracking, has revolutionized the landscape of virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation games, offering new opportunities for personalized therapy. Motivated to increase patient focus during rehabilitation, the Focus-Driven Augmented Feedback (FDAF) system was developed to enhance focus and maintain engagement during upper limb VR rehabilitation. This novel approach dynamically adjusts augmented visual feedback based on a patient's gaze, creating a personalised rehabilitation experience tailored to individual needs.

Causal Association Between Major Depressive Disorder and Cortical Structure: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study and Mediation Analysis.

Background: Previous observational studies have reported a possible association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and abnormal cortical structure. However, it is unclear whether MDD causes reductions in global cortical thickness (CT) and global area (SA).

Objective: We aimed to test the bidirectional causal relationship between MDD and CT and SA using a Mendelian randomization (MR) design and performed exploratory analyses of MDD on CT and SA in different brain regions.

Development of a PCR fluorescence sensor utilizing an upconversion FRET system for rapid and ultra-sensitive determination of Escherichia coli.

An upconversion-gold nanoparticle detection system that integrates PCR amplification and fluorescence resonance energy transfer was constructed to enable swift and highly sensitive identification of Escherichia coli. The forward primer used in the PCR amplification is modified with sulfhydryl groups, enabling its connection to gold nanoparticles via Au-S bonds. The complementary strand of the forward primer, which is attached to the upconversion nanomaterials, can hybridize with the free forward primer through base complementary pairing.

[Corrigendum] MCMV triggers ROS/NLRP3‑associated inflammasome activation in the inner ear of mice and cultured spiral ganglion neurons, contributing to sensorineural hearing loss.

Subsequently to the publication of this article, the authors have contacted the Editorial Office to inform us that Fig. 6 on p. 3454 was inadvertently assembled incorrectly; essentially, the wrong immunofluorescence data were featured for the 'Control' experiment in Fig.

RALYL Overexpression Suppresses Colorectal Cancer via Modulating HNRNPC-Mediated MNK2 Alternative Splicing.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as the second most prevalent cause of cancer-related mortality globally, while its incidence holds the third position among newly diagnosed cancer cases worldwide. Colorectal carcinogenesis is complicated, and the processes are triggered by the complex interaction of some genetic and environmental factors, including DNA methylation. Previous studies showed that RALYL is hypermethylated in CRC.

Enhanced activity of CO oxidation at room temperature by tuning the metal-support interaction of Ru/CeO catalyst.

To develop efficient catalysts for ambient carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation is significant for indoor air purification and also for many industrial applications. In this work, the catalytic activity for CO oxidation were enhanced by tuning the metal-support interaction of Ru/CeO catalysts. A series of Ru/CeO catalysts were synthesized by an impregnation method with calcination at 100, 200, 400 and 600 °C, respectively, to regulate the Ru-CeO interaction.

Correlation Of Fut2 And Fut3 Gene Polymorphisms With Inflammatory Bowel Disease In Guangxi Zhuang Population.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between the polymorphisms of the FUT2 gene (rs1047781, rs601338) and the FUT3 gene (rs3745635, rs28362459) with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Zhuang population of Guangxi.

Methods: Intestinal mucosal tissues were collected from 113 Zhuang patients (41 with Crohn's disease [CD] and 72 with ulcerative colitis [UC]) and 120 han patients (42 with CD and 78 with UC), all of whom were unrelated and diagnosed with IBD, as well as from 106 Zhuang and 119 han unrelated healthy controls, from January 2021 to December 2023. DNA was extracted from intestinal mucosal samples in each group.