Primary Conjunctiva Tuberculosis and Review of Literature.

The causes of chronic conjunctivitis are exhaustive, infection being the commonest. Primary tuberculosis(TB) involving the conjunctiva is rare. History of chronicity, worsening symptoms with steroids and clinical signs of subconjunctiva nodules could point towards the diagnosis of primary conjunctiva tuberculosis especially in endemic countries.

Corneal Hysteresis Is Reduced in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Significance: To our knowledge, this is the first time a study looking at the association between corneal hysteresis (CH) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity has been reported. We provide evidence that CH is lower in OSAS and speculate on the possible causes.

Purpose: The present study aims to look at the association between CH and severity of OSAS, and whether CH could be another link between OSAS and the development of glaucoma.

Ocular perfusion pressure and ophthalmic artery flow in patients with normal tension glaucoma.

Background: Vascular insufficiency has been reported to be a cause of normal tension glaucoma (NTG). The aim of this study was to compare ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) and ophthalmic artery flow (OAF) between patients with NTG and those without glaucoma.

Methods: We considered one eye each from 31 NTG and 15 non-glaucoma control patients.

Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in the aqueous humour of patients with primary angle closure glaucoma - a quantitative study.

Background: Altered levels of specific matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the aqueous humour of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes have been described. In this study, levels of specific MMPs and TIMPs in the aqueous humour of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes were measured and compared with those of POAG as well as non-glaucoma control eyes.

Methods: Aqueous humour from 16 PACG, 28 POAG and 27 control eyes were sampled during intraocular surgery.

Low nocturnal ocular perfusion pressure as a risk factor for normal tension glaucoma.

Objectives: In the absence of raised intraocular pressure (IOP), haemodynamic parameters have been implicated in the development of normal tension glaucoma (NTG). The purpose of this study is to compare 24-hour IOP and haemodynamic parameters in NTG patients and non-glaucoma patients.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study involving 72 NTG patients from University of Malaya Medical Centre eye clinic glaucoma registry.

Visual outcome in open globe injuries.

Objective: To determine the factors affecting the visual outcome in patients with open globe injuries of eye.

Materials And Methods: In a prospective interventional study of consecutive patients with open globe injuries, the age, gender, place of injury, object causing injury and safety precautions taken were recorded. A detailed examination of the eye was done with a slit-lamp.

Intravitreal injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and pneumatic displacement of submacular haemorrhage.

We report a case of a patient with hypertension and ischaemic heart disease on anti-platelet treatment, who developed uniocular profound visual loss from a submacular haemorrhage secondary to valsalva retinopathy. He was treated with a combination of intravitreal recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) gas followed by strict prone positioning. He demonstrated significant displacement of the haemorrhage and improvement of vision postoperatively.

Post viral acute multifocal posterior placoid pigment epithiopathy in a teenage child.

We report a rare case of a young boy presenting with bilateral blurring of vision following a viral like illness. Fundus examination revealed multiple pale cream-coloured lesions scattered across the posterior pole of both eyes. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed characteristic features of early hypofluorescence and late hyperfluorescence, further confirming the diagnosis of acute posterior placoid pigment epitheliopathy (AMPPPE).

Effect of haemodialysis on intraocular pressure.

Aims: To study the effect of haemodialysis on intraocular pressure (IOP) of patients at the University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, and the influence of anterior chamber angles, surgery, and diabetes on the change in IOP after haemodialysis.

Methods: Prospective, single centre study on patients undergoing haemodialysis with a sample size of 98 eyes (49 patients). Ocular examination was performed before haemodialysis.

Severity of visual impairment and depression among elderly Malaysians.

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between severity of visual impairment and depression among elderly Malaysians attending an eye clinic.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The study population included patients, aged>or=60 years who attended the Eye Clinic in University Malaya Medical Centre.

The association between body mass index and age related cataract.

This study was carried out to determine the association between body mass index and age related cataract among patients attending eye clinic. We conducted a case control study. The outcome of clinical eye assessment determined the patient's status.

Nail-patella syndrome and its association with glaucoma: a review of eight families.

Background: Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome, characterised by dysplasia of the nails, patellae, elbows and iliac horns. Mutations in the LMX1B gene were found in four North American families in whom glaucoma cosegregated with NPS.

Aims: To investigate the association of glaucoma with NPS in Australian families and to determine how common NPS is in Australia.

Ocular biometry in the subtypes of primary angle closure glaucoma in University Malaya Medical Centre.

Thirty-seven consecutive patients (41 eyes) diagnosed with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) attending the Glaucoma Clinic in University Malaya Medical Centre, over a period of 6 months were categorized into acute, subacute and chronic PACG from their clinical presentation. Each case was subjected to automated refraction, A-scan biometry for anterior chamber depth, axial length and lens thickness, keratometry and corneal diameter measurement. Calculations for the relative lens position and the lens thickness: axial length index were performed.