Publications by authors named "Mimi T Le"
Background: Residential proximity to greenspace is associated with various health outcomes.
Objectives: We estimated associations between maternal residential proximity to greenspace (based on an index of vegetation) and selected structural birth defects, including effect modification by neighborhood-level factors.
Methods: Data were from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (1997-2011) and included 19,065 infants with at least one eligible birth defect (cases) and 8925 without birth defects (controls) from eight Centers throughout the United States.
Article Synopsis
- A study identified somatic mutations in the UBA1 gene as the cause of a newly recognized syndrome called VEXAS, which affects a significant portion of patients diagnosed with relapsing polychondritis (RP).
- Of the 92 RP patients tested, 7.6% had UBA1 mutations, with notable differences in clinical features, mortality rates, and accompanying health issues compared to those with typical RP.
- A clinical algorithm was developed to help identify patients with VEXAS among those diagnosed with RP, showing high sensitivity and specificity based on factors like male sex and specific blood test results.
Background: There are noted birth defects prevalence differences between race/ethnicity groups. For instance, non-Hispanic (NH) Black mothers are more likely to have an infant with encephalocele, although less likely to have an infant with anotia/microtia compared to NH Whites. When stratifying by nativity and years lived within the United States, additional variations become apparent.
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- Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are commonly used for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, impacting natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs).
- Research indicates that in mice, liver ILC1s are less affected by JAK inhibitors compared to NK cells in various organs.
- The study found that JAK inhibition altered genes related to cell cycle and apoptosis in both cell types, but ILC1s were protected by high levels of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2, suggesting a need for further understanding of these mechanisms for clinical applications.
Background: There is considerable variability in the prevalence of birth defects among racial/ethnic groups. This study estimated birth defect prevalence among the less studied non-Hispanic (NH) Asian/Pacific Islander (PI) and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations in Texas relative to NH Whites.
Methods: Data were obtained from the Texas Birth Defect Registry from 1999 to 2015 for deliveries to Texas-resident women who were NH White, NH Asian/PI, or AI/AN.
Janus kinases to jakinibs: from basic insights to clinical practice.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
February 2019
Cytokines are critical mediators of diverse immune and inflammatory diseases. Targeting cytokines and cytokine receptors with biologics has revolutionized the treatment of many of these diseases, but targeting intracellular signalling with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (jakinibs) now represents a major new therapeutic advance. We are still in the first decade since these drugs were approved and there is still much to be learned about the mechanisms of action of these drugs and the practical use of these agents.
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