[Epileptic syndromes associated with focal clonic seizures].

Objective: To study clinical, electroencephalographic and neuroimaging features in children with epileptic syndromes associated with focal clonic seizures (FCS).

Material And Methods: We examined 1258 patients with various forms of epilepsy with the onset of seizures from the first day of life to 18 years.

Results: FCS was identified in 263 patients (20.

[Post-graduated education and medical pedagogics: a new approach based on the competence-oriented educational program for neurologists in the field of children epileptology].

The highly qualified performance of jobs according to professional standards due to the reformed system of additional professional education is one of the objectives of practical health care. The development of the educational program 'Children epileptology. Clinical, diagnostic and treatment issues' for increasing the qualification of neurologists was based on the competent approach that orients the content and process of education on the formation of competence in work performance.

[Modern diagnostic of agenesis of the corpus callosum in children].

Observations of the authors regarding main MRI symptoms of agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) and literature review on the structure of the corpus callosum in normalcy and pathology are presented. The authors emphasize that some cases of isolated ACC has been found during routine prenatal ultrasound examination. In this regard, prenatal MRI is more effective.

[Treatment of asthenoneurotic disorders in children].

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of cogitum in the treatment of asthenoneurotic disorders in children after bacterial meningitis (BM) or brain injury (BI).

Material And Methods: Twenty-four patients were examined. Group 1 included 14 patients with BM, 8 boys and 6 girls, aged 7 - 12 years, mean age 9,91 ± 1,71 years; group 2 consisted of 10 patients with BI, 6 boys and 4 girls, aged 7-12 years, mean age 10,4 ± 2,36 years.

[Neurological presentations of bacterial meningitis in children: current possibilities of diagnosis and treatment].

Aim: To improve clinical/laboratory diagnosis of bacterial meningitis (BM) in children.

Material And Methods: Fifty-seven patients, aged from 4 months to 12 years, with BM were examined. Bacteriological study of the mucus from the nasopharynx, sterility tests of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CNF), clinical and biochemical tests, serological study of paired samples of plasma - indirect hemagglutination test, latex agglutination assay, immunological study of plasma and CNF with the determination of interferon -α, -β and -γ, interferon procalcitonin and neopterin with ELISA were performed at admission and after CNF remediation.

[Neurological complications and outcomes of bacterial meningitis in children].

Aim: To analyze neurological complications and outcomes of bacterial meningitis (BM) in children.

Material And Methods: Fifty-five patients with BM, aged from 2 months to 12 years, were examined. Bacteriological study, clinical and biochemical blood tests and blood serology and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests as well as serum molecular-genetic study were performed.

[Cortical dysgenesis with epileptic syndromes and symptomatic epilepsy in children].

Cortical dysgenesis (CD) is a frequent inherited brain malformation. CD is a key cause of epileptic syndrome in children. In this review, the author presents a current classification of CD, etiological factors of their development, including gene mutations and adverse effects of various toxins and perinatal factors.

[Macro- and microscopic systematization of cerebral cortex malformations in children].

For the first time in pediatric pathologicoanatomic practice the complete systematization of cerebral cortex malformations is represented. Organ, macroscopic forms: microencephaly, macroencephaly, micropolygyria, pachygyria, schizencephaly, porencephaly, lissencephaly. Histic microdysgenesis of cortex: type I includes isolated abnormalities such as radial (IA) and tangential (I B) subtypes of cortical dislamination; type II includes sublocal cortical dislamination with immature dysmorphic neurons (II A) and balloon cells (II B); type III are the combination focal cortical dysplasia with tuberous sclerosis of the hippocampus (III A), tumors (III B) and malformations of vessels, traumatic and hypoxic disorders (III C).

[Optimization of treatment focal forms of epilepsy in young children].

A clinical trial included 30 children, aged from 24 to 46 months, stratified into two groups on the basis of clinical-instrumental data: 22 (73%) patients with symptomatic focal epilepsy and 8 (27%) patients with cryptogenic (possibly symptomatic) focal epilepsy. Topamax (topiramate) was used as mono- (8 children) and combined (22 children) therapy. Mean treatment dose was 5,9 mg/kg per day.