Management of hyperglycaemia in persons with non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus who are started on systemic glucocorticoid therapy: a systematic review.

Objectives: What is the most effective pharmacological intervention for glycaemic control in known type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without prior insulin treatment and newly started on systemic glucocorticoid therapy?

Design: We conducted a systematic literature review.

Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library databases and Google for articles from 2002 to July 2018.

Eligibility Criteria: We combined search terms relating to DM (patients, >16 years of age), systemic glucocorticoids, glycaemic control, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies.

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide immunoneutralization attenuates development of obesity in mice.

Previous reports have suggested that the abrogation of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) signaling could be exploited to prevent and treat obesity and obesity-related disorders in humans. This study was designed to determine whether immunoneutralization of GIP, using a newly developed specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), would prevent the development of obesity. Specific mAb directed against the carboxy terminus of mouse GIP was identified, and its effects on the insulin response to oral and to intraperitoneal (ip) glucose and on weight gain were evaluated.

The Kv1.1 null mouse, a model of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).

Objective: Kv1.1 potassium channel null mouse (NULL) exhibits spontaneous seizure-related bradycardia, dies following seizure, and has been proposed as a model for vagus-mediated SUDEP. We characterized the cardiac events surrounding sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in NULL during terminal asystole for comparison to patients with epilepsy who exhibit bradycardia and terminal or nonterminal asystole during/following seizure and explored the contribution of vagal-mediated bradycardia to SUDEP.

Gaze direction affects linear self-motion heading discrimination in humans.

We investigated the effect of eye-in-head and head-on-trunk direction on heading discrimination. Participants were passively translated in darkness along linear trajectories in the horizontal plane deviating 2° or 5° to the right or left of straight-ahead as defined by the subject's trunk. Participants had to report whether the experienced translation was to the right or left of the trunk straight-ahead.

Expression of the P/Q (Cav2.1) calcium channel in nodose sensory neurons and arterial baroreceptors.

The predominant calcium current in nodose sensory neurons, including the subpopulation of baroreceptor neurons, is the N-type channel, Cav2.2. It is also the primary calcium channel responsible for transmitter release at their presynaptic terminals in the nucleus of the solitary tract in the brainstem.