Effect of Childhood Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination on Invasive Disease Serotypes in Serbia.

In Serbia, PCV10 was introduced into the routine immunization for children under 2 in 2018 and replaced by PCV13 in 2022. We evaluated their impact on the distribution of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) serotypes across all age groups. Overall, 756 isolates were obtained from patients with IPD between 2010 and 2023 through laboratory surveillance.

Serotype distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular epidemiology of invasive in the nine-year period in Serbia.

is one of the leading bacterial pathogens that can cause severe invasive diseases. The aim of the study was to characterize invasive isolates of obtained during the nine-year period in Serbia before the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) into routine vaccination programs by determining: serotype distribution, the prevalence and genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance, and genetic relatedness of the circulating pneumococcal clones. A total of 490 invasive isolates were included in this study.

Potential influence of antimicrobial resistance gene content in probiotic bacteria on the gut resistome ecosystems.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a substantial threat to human health. The commensal bacteria of the gut microbiome were shown to serve as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), termed the gut resistome, which has the potential to transfer horizontally to pathogens and contribute to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Namely, AMR traits are generally linked with mobile genetic elements (MGEs), which apart from disseminating vertically to the progeny, may cross horizontally to the distantly related microbial species.

Staphylococcal biofilm on wedding rings worn by laboratory workers.

Hands of healthcare workers play essential role in the spreading of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in and out of the healthcare settings. Less is known about the role of laboratory workers (LWs). The aim of our study was to evaluate the presence of biofilm-forming staphylococci on the surface of jewelry rings of LWs and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.

Carbapenem-Resistant : Biofilm-Associated Genes, Biofilm-Eradication Potential of Disinfectants, and Biofilm-Inhibitory Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles.

This study aimed to investigate the biofilm-production ability of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), the biofilm-eradication potential of 70% ethanol and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, the effects of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) against planktonic and biofilm-embedded CRAB, and the relationship between biofilm production and bacterial genotypes. A total of 111 CRAB isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation, presence of the genes encoding carbapenemases, and biofilm-associated virulence factors.

Dissemination of Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing in Serbian Hospital Settings: Expansion of ST235 and ST654 Clones.

This nationwide study aimed to investigate the molecular characteristics of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing in Serbia, underlying resistance mechanisms, the genetic context of detected MBL genes, and the clonal relationship between isolates harboring genes-encoding MBL. Overall, 320/5334 isolates collected from 2018 to 2021 were identified as . Carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) were screened for the presence of , , and , genes whereas MBL-positive isolates were tested for the presence of the , , , , , and .

Current Susceptibility Surveillance and Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance in within WHO Regions.

() is the etiological agent of the second most common sexually transmitted disease in the world, gonorrhoea. Currently recommended and last available first-line therapy is extended-spectrum cephalosporins most often combined with azitromycin. However, misuse of antibiotics and the abilities of to acquire new genetic and plasmid-borne resistance determinants has gradually led to the situation where this bacterium has become resistant to all major classes of antibiotics.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major threat to public health globally. Accurate and rapid detection of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, and subsequent appropriate antimicrobial treatment, combined with antimicrobial stewardship, are essential for controlling the emergence and spread of AMR. This article reviews common antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods and relevant issues concerning the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

Ralstonia pickettii bacteremia in a cardiac surgery patient in Belgrade, Serbia.

Ralstonia pickettii is an opportunistic bacterium found in the water environment with an increasing incidence as a nosocomial pathogen. The objectives of this study were to describe R. pickettii bacteremia in a cardiac surgery patient and to evaluate its ability to grow in a saline solution and to form biofilm.

Colonization with Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the First Week of Life among Hospitalized Preterm Neonates in Serbia: Risk Factors and Outcomes.

The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine the prevalence of gut colonization with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, risk factors for colonization, infection risk, and outcomes among preterm neonates hospitalized at a tertiary-care center in Serbia. During the period from December 2017 to April 2018, 103 neonates were screened for rectal carriage at admission and on the seventh day of life. Characterization of MDR strains was done by conventional microbiology and molecular methods.