celldeath: A tool for detection of cell death in transmitted light microscopy images by deep learning-based visual recognition.

Cell death experiments are routinely done in many labs around the world, these experiments are the backbone of many assays for drug development. Cell death detection is usually performed in many ways, and requires time and reagents. However, cell death is preceded by slight morphological changes in cell shape and texture.

Giant hepatic hemangioma case report: When is it time for surgery?

We describe a case of a 30-year-old man who complained intermitted pain in right abdominal flank; a large cavernoumatos hemangioma - up to 6 cm in size - was revealed in the fifth hepatic segment using Ultrasonography and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Indications for treatment - based on imaging features and clinical data - are briefly discussed in our report, providing also a review of existing literature.

Use of pre-operative imaging for symptomatic uterine myomas during pregnancy: a case report and a systematic literature review.

Purpose: Uterine fibroids (UFs) occur in 10% of pregnancies and may lead to severe maternal-fetal complications, mainly depending on UFs characteristics and the distance to the uterine cavity (UC). When symptomatic, UFs are managed medically. Nevertheless, in about 2% of cases, surgery becomes necessary.

Dosimetric changes with computed tomography automatic tube-current modulation techniques.

The study is aimed at a verification of dose changes for a computed tomography automatic tube-current modulation (ATCM) technique. For this purpose, anthropomorphic phantom and Gafchromic XR-QA2 films were used. Radiochromic films were cut according to the shape of two thorax regions.

Endometriosis: clinical features, MR imaging findings and pathologic correlation.

Objective: We illustrate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of endometriosis.

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecological condition affecting women of reproductive age and may cause pelvic pain and infertility. It is characterized by the growth of functional ectopic endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus and includes three different manifestations: ovarian endometriomas, peritoneal implants, deep pelvic endometriosis.

Single-institution experience of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma at University of Catania.

The multimodal approach to malignant pleural mesothelioma is gradually becoming the standard of care for this disease in patients with good performance status. Materials & methods: We report our experience concerning eight cases treated with the use of static step-and-shoot intensity-modulated radiotherapy to the whole pleural cavity, in patients already undergoing surgical and/or antiblastic therapy. Results & conclusion: Results at a median follow-up of 16 months showed a median survival from the initial treatment of 29 months, with lung toxicity of grade II reported only in two patients.

A mosaic pattern of INI1/SMARCB1 protein expression distinguishes Schwannomatosis and NF2-associated peripheral schwannomas from solitary peripheral schwannomas and NF2-associated vestibular schwannomas.

Background: The INI1/SMARCB1 gene protein product has been implicated in the direct pathogenesis of schwannomas from patients with one form of schwannomatosis [SWNTS1; MIM # 162091] showing a mosaic pattern of loss of protein expression by immunohistochemistry [93% in familial vs. 55% in sporadic cases].

Aim Of Study: To verify whether such INI1/SMARCB1 mosaic pattern could be extended to all schwannomas arising in the sporadic and familial schwannomatoses [i.

Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Cholangiography: Practical Tips and Clinical Indications for Biliary Disease Management.

Since its introduction, MRCP has been improved over the years due to the introduction of several technical advances and innovations. It consists of a noninvasive method for biliary tree representation, based on heavily T2-weighted images. Conventionally, its protocol includes two-dimensional single-shot fast spin-echo images, acquired with thin sections or with multiple thick slabs.

Diffusion MRI for rectal cancer staging: ADC measurements before and after ultrasonographic gel lumen distension.

Objectives: To compare Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) measurements in rectal neoplastic lesions before and after lumen distension obtained with sonography transmission gel.

Methods: From January 2014 to July 2016, 25 patients (average age 63.7, range 41-85, 18 males) were studied for pre-treatment rectal cancer staging using a 1.

Childhood neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and related disorders: from bench to bedside and biologically targeted therapies.

Neurofibromatosis type 2 [NF2; MIM # 101000] is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by the occurrence of vestibular schwannomas (VSs), schwannomas of other cranial, spinal and cutaneous nerves, cranial and spinal meningiomas and/or other central nervous system (CNS) tumours (e.g., ependymomas, astrocytomas).

: a literature review and report of five new cases.

Background: is a skin abnormality consisting in a combination of congenital hyper- and hypopigmented skin lesions (in the form of paired macules, patches or streaks) in close proximity to each other in a background of normal skin. It is currently regarded as a twin-spotting (mosaic) phenomenon and today is clear that not all cases of cutis tricolor represent one single entity. This phenomenon has been reported so far either: (I) as an purely cutaneous trait; (II) as a part of a complex malformation phenotype (, RHS) including distinct facial features, eye (cataract), skeletal (skull and vertebral defects, and long bones dysplasia), nervous system (corpus callosum, cerebellar and white matter anomalies, cavum vergae and holoprosencephaly) and systemic abnormalities; (III) as a distinct type with multiple, disseminated smaller skin macules (); and (IV) in association with other skin disturbances [e.

Uveal melanoma: quantitative evaluation of diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the response assessment after proton-beam therapy, long-term follow-up.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the proton-beam-induced changes in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of ocular melanoma treated with proton-beam therapy (PBT) in patients undergoing long-term magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up and to assess whether variations in ADC constitute a reliable biomarker for predicting and detecting the response of ocular melanoma to PBT.

Methods: Seventeen patients with ocular melanoma treated with PBT were enrolled. All patients underwent conventional MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) at baseline and 1, 3, 6, and 18 months after the beginning of therapy.

Locally advanced rectal cancer: Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the response assessment after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy.

Purpose: to investigate the added value of qualitative and quantitative evaluation of diffusion weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in response assessment after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Methods: 31 patients with LARC (stage ≥ T3) were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent conventional MRI and DWI before starting therapy and after neoadjuvant CRT.

Non-neoplastic diseases of the fallopian tube: MR imaging with emphasis on diffusion-weighted imaging.

Objective: We illustrate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of non-neoplastic tubaric conditions.

Background: A variety of pathologic non-neoplastic conditions may affect the fallopian tubes. Knowledge of their imaging appearance is important for correct diagnosis.

MR imaging of ovarian masses: classification and differential diagnosis.

Objective: We propose a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) guided approach to differential diagnosis of ovarian tumours based on morphological appearance.

Background: Characterization of ovarian lesions is of great importance in order to plan adequate therapeutic procedures, and may influence patient's management. Optimal assessment of adnexal masses requires a multidisciplinary approach, based on physical examination, laboratory tests and imaging techniques.

Parietal atretic cephalocele: Associated cerebral anomalies identified by CT and MR imaging.

We describe a case of atretic cephalocele (AC) characterized by the presence of various cerebral anomalies of different midline structures. In our patient the presence of a parietal AC was associated with an embryonic position of the straight sinus, fenestration of the superior sagittal sinus, an abnormal insertion of the cerebellar tentorium with prominence of the superior cerebellar cistern and a septum pellucidum cyst. These findings, associated with AC, could lead to a worse prognosis with regard to neurodevelopmental milestones.

Diffusion-weighted MRI for the assessment of liver fibrosis: principles and applications.

The importance of an early identification of hepatic fibrosis has been emphasized, in order to start therapy and obtain fibrosis regression. Biopsy is the gold-standard method for the assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic liver diseases, but it is limited by complications, interobserver variability, and sampling errors. Several noninvasive methods have been recently introduced into clinical routine, in order to detect liver fibrosis early.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound evaluation of choroidal melanomas after proton-beam therapy.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to compare the ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging parameters of ocular melanoma and to assess their variation after proton-beam therapy.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen choroidal melanoma patients treated with proton-beam therapy were enroled in the study. All patients underwent ophthalmologic evaluations, ultrasound, conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and diffusion-weighted MR imaging before the start of therapy and 3 and 6 months after therapy.

Crohn's disease of the small bowel: evaluation of ileal inflammation by diffusion-weighted MR imaging and correlation with the Harvey-Bradshaw index.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine the diagnostic capabilities of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in detecting ileal inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD), and to verify the correlation between the DWI sequences and the Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI).

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients with an endoscopic-histological diagnosis of CD of the terminal ileum and MR enterography with DWI sequences and HBI were retrospectively selected. Disease activity was visually evaluated on the DWI sequences.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for predicting and detecting the response of ocular melanoma to proton beam therapy: initial results.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for prediction and early detection of response to proton beam therapy in ocular melanoma.

Materials And Methods: Ten ocular melanoma patients treated with proton beam therapy were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent conventional MR imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) before the start of therapy, and after 1, 3 and 6 months of therapy.

Diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in the evaluation of transplanted kidneys.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between renal indexes and functional MRI in a population of kidney transplant recipients who underwent MR with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the transplanted graft.

Method: Study population included 40 patients with single kidney transplant. The patients were divided into 3 groups, on the basis of creatinine clearance (CrCl) values calculated using Cockcroft-Gault formula: group A, including patients with normal renal function (CrCl ≥ 60 mL/min); group B, which refers to patients with moderate renal impairment (CrCl > 30 but <60 mL/min); and, finally, group C, which means severe renal deterioration (CrCl ≤ 30 mL/min).

The utilization of imaging features in the management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms.

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) represent a group of cystic pancreatic neoplasms with large range of clinical behaviours, ranging from low-grade dysplasia or borderline lesions to invasive carcinomas. They can be grouped into lesions originating from the main pancreatic duct, main duct IPMNs (MD-IPMNs), and lesions which arise from secondary branches of parenchyma, denominated branch-duct IPMNs (BD-IPMNs). Management of these cystic lesions is essentially based on clinical and radiological features.

Cystic pancreatic neoplasms: diagnosis and management emphasizing their imaging features.

The incidence of cystic pancreatic neoplasms increased in the past decade, due to the recent advances in multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging; several pancreatic cysts are incidentally encountered during diagnostic exams performed for non-pancreatic diseases. Indeed, cystic pancreatic tumors are currently considered relatively rare, accounting for approximately 10% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Serous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenoma, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and solid-pseudopapillary tumor represent about 90% of all pancreatic primary cystic tumours.

Cellular stress response, sirtuins and UCP proteins in Alzheimer disease: role of vitagenes.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting up to one third of individuals reaching the age of 80. Different integrated responses exist in the brain to detect oxidative stress which is controlled by several genes termed Vitagenes. Vitagenes encode for cytoprotective heat shock proteins (Hsp), as well as thioredoxin, sirtuins and uncouple proteins (UCPs).