The impact of highly effective modulator therapy on sinusitis and dysosmia in young children with cystic fibrosis: a prospective study protocol.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and olfactory dysfunction (OD) are prevalent disease complications in people with cystic fibrosis. These understudied comorbidities significantly impact quality of life. The impact of highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) in young children with cystic fibrosis (YCwCF) on these disease complications is unknown.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Management of Disease-Related Malnutrition in Hospitalized Patients: A Descriptive Analysis Using GLIM and SGA Criteria.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with disease-related malnutrition (DRM) in hospitalized patients using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Additionally, we sought to identify key determinants of moderate and severe malnutrition.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1036 adult patients hospitalized in a tertiary care hospital between August 2019 and November 2020.

Occurrence, dispersal, and associated environmental risk assessment of pesticides and their transformation products in small water bodies of Northeastern France.

The widespread use of pesticides, specifically plant protection products (PPPs), has led to their transformation products (TPs) being increasingly detected in various environmental compartments, notably surface waters. This study integrates field-detected TPs into an environmental risk assessment of lentic small water bodies (LSWBs). For this purpose, measured environmental concentrations (MECs) of PPPs and TPs in 12 LSWBs, influenced by tributaries under varying agricultural pressures, were collected.

Establishing normal values for pediatric esophageal diameter on fluoroscopy.

Background: Standardized values for esophageal diameter on fluoroscopy have not been established. These values may help in the diagnosis of long-segment and diffuse esophageal narrowing, which can sometimes be subtle and difficult to diagnose.

Objective: Our objective was to establish normal values for esophageal diameter based on age for patients between 1 and 17 years old.

Comparative study of the growth, stress status and reproductive capabilities of four wild-type zebrafish (Danio rerio) lines.

Background: Zebrafish are widely used in various research fields and to fulfil the diverse research needs, numerous zebrafish lines are available, each with a unique domestication background, potentially resulting in intraspecies differences in specific biological functions. Few studies have compared multiple zebrafish lines under identical conditions to investigate both inter- and intra-line variability related to different functions. However, such variability could pose a challenge for the reproducibility of results in studies utilising zebrafish, particularly when the line used is not clearly specified.

A model for teaching radiology to clinical specialty trainees: A pilot study in pediatric neuroradiology and neonatology.

This article describes the development and assessment of a neuroimaging curriculum for neonatology fellows. The curriculum is focused on topics that are relevant to the practice of neonatology and employs contemporary teaching methods, such as flipped classroom, learner engagement, and spaced repetition. Since its implementation 2018 the curriculum has been appreciated by our trainees and demonstrated improvements in trainee knowledge.

Impact of absolute food deprivation on the reproductive system in male goldfish exposed to sex steroids.

There is a link between metabolism and reproduction as metabolic hormones affect hypothalamus-pituitary-testis (HPT) hormonal functions and vice versa. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of negative energy balance on the reproductive system in male goldfish exposed to testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E). Following 7 days of food deprivation (FD), ANOVA models showed significant FD × sex steroid interactions on sperm quality and circulating sex steroid levels.

Art in medicine: in the classroom, exam room, and Reading room.

In this article, the authors discuss the development and current curriculum of the Art in Medicine course at the University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), developed in collaboration with the Centre for Bioethics and Humanities, and the Denver Art Museum. Examples of art museum-based techniques implemented with medical students are discussed with objectives, methods, and pedagogy highlighted. Translational skillsets for medical professionals, including empathy, tolerance of ambiguity, perspective taking, bias, and communication are emphasised through practice in engagement in visual arts with facilitation by medical faculty and art museum educators.

The influence of voxelotor on cerebral blood flow and oxygen extraction in pediatric sickle cell disease.

Voxelotor is an inhibitor of sickle hemoglobin polymerization that is used to treat sickle cell disease. Although voxelotor has been shown to improve anemia, the clinical benefit on the brain remains to be determined. This study quantified the cerebral hemodynamic effects of voxelotor in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) using noninvasive diffuse optical spectroscopies.

Adherence and impact of an oral nutritional supplement enriched in leucine, EVOO, EPA and DHA, and beta-glucans on the coverage of energy and protein requirements in patients with cancer and malnutrition: Alisenoc study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an enhanced ONS (enriched in EPA, DHA, leucine, and beta-glucans) on the dietary intake of cancer patients.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, parallel, controlled, and multicenter clinical trial was conducted in patients with cancer and malnutrition. The trial compared prescribed dietary advice and two packs per day, for 8 weeks, of a hypercaloric (400 kcal/pack) and hyperproteic ONS (20 g/pack) with fiber and specific ingredients (leucine, EPA and DHA, and beta-glucans) (enhanced-ONS) versus an isocaloric and isoproteic formula (standard-ONS) without specific ingredients.

Feeding predictability as a cognitive enrichment protects brain function and physiological status in rainbow trout: a multidisciplinary approach to assess fish welfare.

Cognitive enrichment is a promising but understudied type of environmental enrichment that aims to stimulate the cognitive abilities of animals by providing them with more opportunities to interact with (namely, to predict events than can occur) and to control their environment. In a previous study, we highlighted that farmed rainbow trout can predict daily feedings after two weeks of conditioning, the highest conditioned response being elicited by the combination of both temporal and signalled predictability. In the present study, we tested the feeding predictability that elicited the highest conditioned response in rainbow trout (both temporal and signalled by bubbles, BUBBLE + TIME treatment) as a cognitive enrichment strategy to improve their welfare.

Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells stimulate neuronal regeneration by promoting axon growth and restoring neuronal activity.

In the last decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become the cornerstone of cellular therapy due to their unique characteristics. Specifically human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) are highlighted for their unique features, including ease to isolate, non-invasive techniques for large scale cell production, significant immunomodulatory capacity, and a high ability to migrate to injuries. Researchers are exploring innovative techniques to overcome the low regenerative capacity of Central Nervous System (CNS) neurons, with one promising avenue being the development of tailored mesenchymal stem cell therapies capable of promoting neural repair and recovery.

Quality Improvement Campaign Improved Utilization of Rapid Sequence MRI for Diagnosis of Pediatric Appendicitis.

Introduction: Appendicitis is the most common indication for emergency general surgery in the pediatric population. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used for diagnosis when ultrasound findings are equivocal. However, CT involves unnecessary radiation exposure if MRI is available.

Use of Point-of-Care Ultrasonography in the NICU for Diagnostic and Procedural Purposes.

Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) refers to the use of portable imaging performed by the provider clinician at the bedside for diagnostic, therapeutic, and procedural purposes. POCUS could be considered an extension of the physical examination but not a substitute for diagnostic imaging. Use of POCUS in emergency situations can be lifesaving in the NICU if performed in a timely fashion for cardiac tamponade, pleural effusions, pneumothorax, etc, with potential for enhancing quality of care and improving outcomes.

Corticosteroid plasma kinetics and gonadal receptor gene expression during the reproductive cycle in female Eurasian Perch: Investigation of the roles of corticosteroids in vitellogenesis.

To improve the quality of reproduction in Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis L., which is a promising candidate for Eurasian freshwater aquaculture that is currently cultivated in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), investigating the hormones that mediate and affect reproduction in this species is indispensable. The literature defines a group of four major corticosteroids (11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, corticosterone and cortisol) that might mediate critical stages of reproduction in female perch.

Onward: Creating Conditions for Transformation in a Parapandemic World.

This article discusses pathways for personal transformation in the context of physician burnout and the collective trauma related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The article explores polyagal theory, posttraumatic growth concepts, and leadership frameworks as pathways for change. It is both practical and theoretical in its approach and offers a paradigm for transformation in a parapandemic world.

Imaging of Congenital Spine Malformations.

Congenital malformations of the spine and spinal cord are a large and diverse group of diagnoses, which are often broadly referred to as spinal dysraphisms (SDs). Derived from the Greek words dys (bad) and raphe (suture), the term dysraphism describes missteps in the process of forming a midline seam during the zipper-like fusion of the neural folds in primary neurulation. As such, the term "spinal dysraphism" is a designation that should technically be reserved for malformations resulting from aberrations in primary neurulation.

Rare pathogenic variants in WNK3 cause X-linked intellectual disability.

Purpose: WNK3 kinase (PRKWNK3) has been implicated in the development and function of the brain via its regulation of the cation-chloride cotransporters, but the role of WNK3 in human development is unknown.

Method: We ascertained exome or genome sequences of individuals with rare familial or sporadic forms of intellectual disability (ID).

Results: We identified a total of 6 different maternally-inherited, hemizygous, 3 loss-of-function or 3 pathogenic missense variants (p.

The effect of two different experimental rearing temperatures on the quality and the large-scale cryopreservation of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) sperm.

Eurasian perch is an important fish species for European aquaculture diversification, but the quality of reproduction still remains one of the main limitations for further industry development. In particular, the optimal condition to obtain the best quality of sperm is poorly understood. The aim of our study was to measure the possible effects of two experimental rearing temperatures (6 °C and the conventionally used 12 °C) and of hormonal stimulation, on the motility parameters (pMOT, VCL, VSL, LIN, ALH, BCF), osmolality and fertilizing capacity of Eurasian perch sperm at the end of the reproductive cycle.