Symptomatology, (Co)occurrence and Differential Diagnostic PCR Identification of ' Phytoplasma solani' and ' Phytoplasma convolvuli' in Field Bindweed.

Field bindweed () is one of the major natural plant hosts and reservoirs of ' Phytoplasma solani' (' P. solani'), the causal agent of plant diseases in diverse agricultural crops, including Bois noir (BN) disease of grapevine. Phylogenetically, the most closely related phytoplasma to ' P.

Integrative taxonomy of root aphid parasitoids from the genus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) with description of new species.

Species from the genus are obligatory endoparasitoids of root aphids in the Palaearctic. It is known that these species are broadly distributed, parasitizing various aphid hosts and showing great biological and ecological diversity. On the other hand, this group of endoparasitoids is understudied and was thought to be represented by a single species in Europe, viz.