A tinnitus objectivization: how we do it.

The medical therapy of tinnitus should be oriented by objective measurement of the disorder. Preferably, it should be qualitative, indicating the exact neural mechanism to be neuromodulated by neuroprotective medication. The neurophysiological approach in objectivization of tinnitus is presented by means of auditory brainstem response and middle latency response.

Prognostic factors in carcinoma of the larynx: relevance of DNA ploidy, S-fractions and localization of the tumour.

The influence of the cell cycle profile and the site of the primary tumour on the overall survival were examined in 36 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. DNA ploidy (p = 0.0091), the overall proliferative activity (p = 0.

A study of auditory afferent organization in children with dyslalia.

The auditory afferent (AA) control is an important feedback mechanism in the speech generation. A different organization of AA pathways in children with speech alterations is suggested. In order to investigate this possibility we recorded the auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and middle latency responses (MLR) on monoaural and binaural click stimulation in a group of 17 normal children with no alteration of the speech (N) and in 16 children with dyslalia (eight with systematic (S) and eight with non-systematic errors of the speech (NS)).

Influence of nasal fontanel receptors on the regulation of tracheobronchal vagal tone.

Aim: To test the hypothesis according that the receptors located in the nasal fontanels influence the regulation of the tracheobronchial tree vagus tone.

Methods: Changes in respiratory parameters (forced expiratory volume in the first second- FEV1 and total resistance- Rt) occurring consequentially to light mechanical nasal stimulation were determined in healthy volunteer, non-smokers using spirometric and body plethysmographic measurements. The parameters were measured before and at 15 and 60 min after mechanical stimulation with cotton pledge.

Mortality caused by war wounds to the head and neck encountered at the Slavonski Brod Hospital during the 1991-1992 war in Croatia.

From July 1, 1991, until January 1, 1993, a total of 7,720 patients (soldiers and civilians) with war wounds were treated at Dr. Josip Bencević General Hospital in Slavonski Brod, Croatia. Treatment was provided for 7,043 patients, whereas 677 individuals (8.

Dipeptidyl peptidase III in malignant and non-malignant gynaecological tissue.

Exopeptidases, in contrast to endopeptidases (proteinases) have been much less studied in relation to cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate one such enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase III (DPP III), in gynaecological tissues, by measuring both the enzyme activity and enzyme content. DPP III activity was assessed in normal (n = 65), benign (n = 9) and malignant (n = 51) gynaecological tissues.

War injuries to the head and neck.

During the 1991-1992 war in Croatia, 7,043 wounded persons were treated at Dr Josip Bencević General Hospital in Slavonski Brod. Among them, 728 (580 soldiers and 148 civilians) had war injuries to the head and neck and were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery. There were 541 (74.

Glutathione S-transferase activity as an early marker for malignant tumors of corpus uteri.

Glutathione (GSH) concentrations and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were determined in 30 paired malignant human corpus uteri tumor samples and in samples of adjacent normal tissues. For GSH concentrations no difference was found between normal (126.0 +/- 52.

Cardiac myxoma: diagnostic approach, surgical treatment and follow-up. A twenty years experience.

At the University Department of Cardiovascular Surgery in Zagreb, Croatia, we treated 81 patients with primary intracardiac myxoma, in a period from January 1975 to December 1994. There were 55 female and 26 male pts, in age from 1 month to 80 years, mean 46+/-15 years. Clinical manifestations varied from no symptoms and very poor or no clinical signs to various manifestations of chronic or acute congestive heart failure, syncope and arrhythmias with or without systemic findings such as high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anaemia, leucocytosis, elevated gamma globulin, thrombocytopenia or low grade fever, as well as cerebrovascular accidents due to tumour embolization.

Management of war-related neck injuries during the war in Croatia, 1991-1992.

From 1 September 1991 to 31 December 1992, a total of 7,043 wounded patients were treated in the War Hospital in Slavonski Brod. Seven hundred and twenty eight patients with head and neck injuries were treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery. Of this number, 187 had neck injuries.

Nutritional influences on growth and prevalence of anaemia in children during the war in Sarajevo.

Objective: To assess growth and prevalence of anaemia in hospitalised children during the war in Sarajevo.

Design: A random sample of children who were patients in the paediatric clinic over a period of six months (1 June to 31 December 1993) were anthropometrically measured and blood samples taken to determine prevalence of anaemia.

Setting: The study was conducted at the paediatric clinic, Kosevo Hospital, Sarajevo.

Reconstruction of laryngotracheal war injuries with the median layer of the deep cervical fascia.

Surgical exploration and immediate reconstruction with the median layer of the deep cervical fascia (MLDCF) was performed in 8 of 22 patients with exogenous war injuries of larynx and cervical trachea. A surgical technique of reconstruction with the median layer of the deep cervical fascia is described. The 7 surviving patients had good respiration without signs of stenosis of the larynx and/or the trachea.

Laryngeal war injuries.

During the war in Croatia in the region of Brodska Posavina at the Medical Center in Slavonski Brod, 7,043 wounded were treated. The Otolaryngology and Oral Surgery Service treated 728 wounded, of whom 20 had laryngeal injuries. Most of the injuries were caused by shrapnel from shells, mines, and hand grenades.

[Differences in serum selenium concentration in probands and patients with colorectal neoplasms in Zagreb, Croatia].

Serum selenium concentration (scSe) (microgram/l) was comparatively measured in healthy persons (n = 202), patients with colorectal adenoma(s) (n = 44) and colorectal carcinoma (n = 48). In patients with adenoma(s) scSe (59.05 +/- 15) was significantly lower (p < 0.

[Difficulties in maintaining metabolic control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus during war].

In this study we analyzed the quality of metabolic control in 42 diabetic children aging 5-20 years (x 14 + 5.1) during the war 92/93 year. We estimated metabolic control in these patients by traditional methods: 24 hours glycaemia (every 3 months), 24 hours glycosuria and home monitoring of glycosuria (self-control 4 times daily) Glicolizated HbA1C and the other up to date laboratory findings we were not able to do in any of diabetics.

[Ultrasonography in examinations for urinary tract anomalies].

Using the ultrasound grey scale and real-time method at the Nephrology Department of Sarajevo's Children's Clinic, 90 children with different kidney diseases were checked. Among these patients, there were 22, i.e.

[The effect of atmospheric conditions on the occurrence of peptic ulcer hemorrhage].

The influence of atmospheric factors on the frequency of bleeding from the peptic ulcer was studied within the period from April 1, 1984, to March 31, 1989, consequently through 1826 days. The average daily atmospheric pressure, the average daily temperature and the relative humidity have been examined. There were 1102 cases of bleeding peptic ulcer, 537 bleeding gastric ulcers and 565 bleeding duodenal ulcers.

Ulcerative colitis in Zagreb, Yugoslavia: incidence and prevalence 1980-1989.

We present a ten-year incidence of ulcerative colitis in Zagreb, Yugoslavia. The study included both outpatients and inpatients regardless of the extent and severity of the disease. The mean annual incidence rate was 1.

[Modern approaches to urinary incontinence in women].

Joint embryonic development from the front part of the urogenital sinus caused anatomic, topographic and to some degree functional interdependence of the urogenital system. This is the reason they have the same supporting system that if weak or impaired causes changes in both systems. Concretely, descensus uteri accompanied with descensus vaginae causes lowering of the base of the bladder, its neck and urethra.

Epidemiology of Crohn's disease in Zagreb, Yugoslavia: a ten-year prospective study.

A ten-year prospective study of Crohn's disease was carried out in Zagreb, Yugoslavia. It included both inpatients and outpatients regardless of the extent and severity of the disease. The mean annual incidence rate was 0.

[Serum acute phase proteins for determining disease activity of ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease].

We studied the activity assessment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease by 5 acute phase reactants: C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, alpha 1 antitrypsin, haptoglobin and fibrinogen. From a large register of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) we chose randomly 91 patients: 61 with ulcerative colitis and 30 with Crohn's disease. As a reference point in the disease activity assessment we used standard clinical indices.

[Inborn metabolic errors of urea cycle synthesis. Present possibilities of treatment].

The case history of an infant with congenital hyperammonaemia due to inherited ornithine-transcarbamylase deficiency is presented together with some basic data on his family. The metabolic cycle of urea synthesis is delineated with its enzymes and the possible inherited defects. The differential diagnosis of hyperammonaemia in the newborn infant is given.