Accessible Dyslexia Detection with Real-Time Reading Feedback through Robust Interpretable Eye-Tracking Features.

Developing reliable, quantifiable, and accessible metrics for dyslexia diagnosis and tracking represents an important goal, considering the widespread nature of dyslexia and its negative impact on education and quality of life. In this study, we observe eye-tracking data from 15 dyslexic and 15 neurotypical Serbian school-age children who read text segments presented on different color configurations. Two new eye-tracking features were introduced that quantify the amount of spatial complexity of the subject's gaze through time and inherently provide information regarding the locations in the text in which the subject struggled the most.

Elbow Joint Stiffness Functional Scales Based on Hill's Muscle Model and Genetic Optimization.

The ultimate goal of rehabilitation engineering is to provide objective assessment tools for the level of injury and/or the degree of neurorehabilitation recovery based on a combination of different sensing technologies that enable the monitoring of relevant measurable variables, as well as the assessment of non-measurable variables (such as muscle effort/force and joint mechanical stiffness). This paper aims to present a feasibility study for a general assessment methodology for subject-specific non-measurable elbow model parameter prediction and elbow joint stiffness estimation. Ten participants without sensorimotor disorders performed a modified "Reach and retrieve" task of the Wolf Motor Function Test while electromyography (EMG) data of an antagonistic muscle pair (the triceps brachii long head and biceps brachii long head muscle) and elbow angle were simultaneously acquired.

Spatiotemporal Eye-Tracking Feature Set for Improved Recognition of Dyslexic Reading Patterns in Children.

Considering the detrimental effects of dyslexia on academic performance and its common occurrence, developing tools for dyslexia detection, monitoring, and treatment poses a task of significant priority. The research performed in this paper was focused on detecting and analyzing dyslexic tendencies in Serbian children based on eye-tracking measures. The group of 30 children (ages 7-13, 15 dyslexic and 15 non-dyslexic) read 13 different text segments on 13 different color configurations.

3D Imaging Segmentation and 3D Rendering Process for a Precise Puncture Strategy During PCNL - a Pilot Study.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is frequently used as the first-line treatment of large and complex stones. The key point for successful complex stone removal with minimal risk of complications is to establish the most appropriate access route. Understanding the three-dimensional (3D) relationship of kidney stones and renal collecting systems is crucial for planning and creating an optimal access route.

Temporal Synergies Detection in Gait Cyclograms Using Wearable Technology.

The human gait can be described as the synergistic activity of all individual components of the sensory-motor system. The central nervous system (CNS) develops synergies to execute endpoint motion by coordinating muscle activity to reflect the global goals of the endpoint trajectory. This paper proposes a new method for assessing temporal dynamic synergies.

Detection of impaired renal allograft function in paediatric and young adult patients using arterial spin labelling MRI (ASL-MRI).

The study aimed to discriminate renal allografts with impaired function by measuring cortical renal blood flow (cRBF) using magnetic resonance imaging arterial spin labelling (ASL-MRI) in paediatric and young adult patients. We included 18 subjects and performed ASL-MRI on 1.5 T MRI to calculate cRBF on parameter maps.

The effect of colour on reading performance in children, measured by a sensor hub: From the perspective of gender.

In recent decades reported findings regarding gender differences in reading achievement, cognitive abilities and maturation process in boys and girls are conflicting. As reading is one of the most important processes in the maturation of an individual, the aim of the study was to better understand gender differences between primary school students. The study evaluates differences in Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrodermal Activities (EDA) and eye movement of participants during the reading task.

The Relation between Physiological Parameters and Colour Modifications in Text Background and Overlay during Reading in Children with and without Dyslexia.

Reading is one of the essential processes during the maturation of an individual. It is estimated that 5-10% of school-age children are affected by dyslexia, the reading disorder characterised by difficulties in the accuracy or fluency of word recognition. There are many studies which have reported that coloured overlays and background could improve the reading process, especially in children with reading disorders.

The Sensor Hub for Detecting the Developmental Characteristics in Reading in Children on a White vs. Colored Background/Colored Overlays.

This study investigated the influence of white vs. 12 background and overlay colors on the reading process in twenty-four school-age children. Previous research reported that colors could affect reading skills as an important factor in the emotional and physiological state of the body.

Interobserver reproducibility of mercaptoacetyltriglicine renography in children and adults with suspected obstruction: parameters of drainage and function calculated by International Atomic Energy Agency software.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate interobserver reproducibility of Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine renography in children and adults by assessing the parameters of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) software for the analysis of dynamic renal studies.

Methods: The renograms of 65 children and 65 adults covered a wide age range, different quality of drainage, overall function and differential renal function (DRF). Three observers were processing parameters of the IAEA software.

Renal output efficiency and normalized residual activity examined by technetium-99m-DTPA renography have by far greater specificity to diagnose obstructive disease as compared to other conventional parameters of the renogram. First such study of output efficiency.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic ability of renal output efficiency (OE), normalized residual activity (NORA) and conventional interpretation of the diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Tc-DTPA) diuretic renogram (CIR) in diagnosing urine flow obstruction.

Subjects And Methods: Group A consisted of 73 obstructed kidneys and Group B of 80 kidneys with dilated upper urinary tract. Forty eight kidneys were examined as the control Group C.

Hybrid Vision-Fusion system for whole-body scintigraphy.

Radioiodine therapy in the treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is used in clinical practice for the ablation of thyroid residues and/or destruction of tumour tissue. Whole-body scintigraphy for visualization of the spatial 131I distribution performed by a gamma camera (GC) is a standard procedure in DTC patients after application of radioiodine therapy. A common problem is the precise topographic localization of regions where radioiodine is accumulated even in SPECT imaging.

Parathyroid dual tracer subtraction scintigraphy: small regions method for quantitative assessment of parathyroid adenoma uptake.

Objective: The aim was quantitative assessment of parathyroid adenoma (PTA) uptake in dual tracer dynamic scintigraphy.

Methods: In 78 patients, median age 58 (19-80) years, surgically treated for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), with parathyroid hormone median 125 (70-658) pg/ml, we performed preoperative parathyroid scintigraphy, following EANM guidelines of subtraction and double-phase protocol (2009) using two tracers: Tc-99m pertechnetate and Tc-99m MIBI. In addition to standard subtraction processing and visual interpretation of delayed MIBI planar images of neck and mediastinum in oblique sections (positions according to ultrasound PTA localisation), we developed Submarine processing software that enables selecting custom regions grid sizes ≥6 mm (as this solution was not present in commercial software) to follow time activity curve changes in thyroid tissue and PTA.

Validation of IAEA software package for the analysis of scintigraphic renal dynamic studies: parameters of renal transit in children with renal pelvic dilatation.

Purpose: The objectives of the study were to use the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) software package for the analysis of scintigraphic renal dynamic studies to obtain values of curve parameters and excretory parameters in children with hydronephrosis and to validate the reliability of these numerical outputs by comparing with values established by consensus reports.

Patients And Methods: Fifty children with hydronephrosis (median age, 16 months; 30 boys, 20 girls; 99 kidneys) underwent Tc-MAG3 diuresis renography. Studies were analyzed by 2 observers, and according to the assessment of images, renograms, and differential function, kidneys were classified as normal (42, kidneys contralateral to hydronephrotic kidney), hypotonic unobstructed (49), and obstructed (8).

GammaKey system for improved diagnostics with gamma cameras.

We designed the GammaKey system for the acquisition, storage and analysis of images from semi-analogue gamma scintillation cameras (GSCs). The GammaKey system, operating on a standard PC, replicates the functionality of earlier dedicated computer systems, allows the exchange of data in the DICOM format and has an open architecture enabling the development of new diagnostic techniques. The main purpose of the GammaKey is to enable the continued use of old GSCs which have functional scintillation crystals, but also to permit data exchange with new digital GSCs.

Recovery of motor function after stroke: a polymyography-based analysis.

We present a method for assessing muscle activation patterns during goal-directed movement. We present a cohort study from a randomized clinical trial that followed the recovery of motor function during and after intensive gait training, assisted by sensor-driven, four-channel electrical stimulation. The instrument that we developed allows for the simultaneous recordings of up to 16 channels that are wirelessly sent to a host computer, which then provides feedback to the subject.