Beyond Survival: A Scoping Review on the Sexual Health of Sexual and Gender Minority Women Following Curative Cancer Treatment.

Introduction: To explore the existing research on sexual health experiences of sexual and gender minority women (SGMW) post-curative cancer treatment.

Methodology: This scoping review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. Four articles that focused on sexual health experiences of SGMW post-curative cancer treatment were included.

Designing a Virtual Toolkit for Analysing Planetary Science Data in Virtual Reality.

To understand the surface evolution and potential habitability of other planets we must analyse their geology - the 3D structure and chemistry of the rocks that are exposed at the surface. Although rovers capture this 3D structure using stereo camera systems and other instruments, when we present this information to mission scientists for analysis it is generally confined to the 2D plane of a computer screen, and the spatial information is lost at the point when it is needed most. To address this problem, we design, develop, and evaluate a prototype Virtual Environment to present geological data in the 3D form in which it was originally captured, and users are supplied with a toolkit for measurement and annotation of data.

DDX3X and Stress Granules: Emerging Players in Cancer and Drug Resistance.

The DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp)-box helicase 3 X-linked (DDX3X) protein participates in many aspects of mRNA metabolism and stress granule (SG) formation. DDX3X has also been associated with signal transduction and cell cycle regulation that are important in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Malfunctions of DDX3X have been implicated in multiple cancers, including brain cancer, leukemia, prostate cancer, and head and neck cancer.

Age-Dependent Effects of Voluntary Wheel Running Exercise on Voiding Behavior and Potential Age-Related Molecular Mechanisms in Mice.

Background: Older men frequently develop lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH). Risk factors for LUTS/BPH include sedentary lifestyle, anxiety/depression, obesity, and frailty, which all increase with age. Although physical exercise may reduce the progression and/or severity of LUTS/BPH, the age-related mechanisms responsible remain unknown.

Inclusion of Porous Graphitic Carbon Chromatography Yields Greater Protein Identification and Compartment and Process Coverage and Enables More Reflective Protein-Level Label-Free Quantitation.

The ubiquity of mass spectrometry-based bottom-up proteomic analyses as a component of biological investigation mandates the validation of methodologies that increase acquisition efficiency, improve sample coverage, and enhance profiling depth. Chromatographic separation is often ignored as an area of potential improvement, with most analyses relying on traditional reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC); this consistent reliance on a single chromatographic paradigm fundamentally limits our view of the observable proteome. Herein, we build upon early reports and validate porous graphitic carbon chromatography (PGC) as a facile means to substantially enhance proteomic coverage without changes to sample preparation, instrument configuration, or acquisition methods.

Turner Syndrome Mosaicism after Diagnosis of Coeliac Disease-A High Index of Clinical Suspicion Required?

The association of coeliac disease (CD) in girls with Turner syndrome (TS) is well described. There is, however, a paucity of current research describing TS in patients with known CD. We report two cases of mosaic Turner syndrome diagnosed in girls with CD who failed to achieve expected catch-up growth despite strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) and the normalisation of TGA-IgA levels.

Promoting health in the digital environment: health policy experts' responses to on-demand delivery in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Services offering on-demand delivery of unhealthy commodities, such as fast food, alcohol and smoking/vaping products have proliferated in recent years. It is well known that the built environment can be health promoting or harmful to health, but there has been less consideration of the digital environment. Increased availability and accessibility of these commodities may be associated with increased consumption, with harmful public health implications.

Putting the Cart Before the Horse? Developing a Blended Anatomy Curriculum Supplemented by Cadaveric Anatomy.

Cadaveric anatomy is frequently described as the gold standard for anatomy education. Increasingly and especially following the COVID-19 pandemic, there is acceptance that a blended approach for anatomy curriculum delivery is optimal for learners.Setting up a new UK Medical School in 2019 necessitated building a new cadaveric anatomy facility.

Proteome-wide Profiling of Asymmetric Dimethylated Arginine in Human Breast Tumors.

Arginine methylation catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is a prevalent post-translational modification (PTM) that regulates diverse cellular processes. Aberrant expression of type I PRMTs that catalyze asymmetric arginine dimethylation (ADMA) is often found in cancer, though little is known about the ADMA status of substrate proteins in tumors. Using LC-MS/MS along with pan-specific ADMA antibodies, we performed global mapping of ADMA in five patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors representing different subtypes of human breast cancer.

Integrating intracellular and extracellular proteomic profiling for in-depth investigations of cellular communication in a model of prostate cancer.

Cellular communication is essential for cell-cell interactions, maintaining homeostasis and progression of certain disease states. While many studies examine extracellular proteins, the holistic extracellular proteome is often left uncaptured, leaving gaps in our understanding of how all extracellular proteins may impact communication and interaction. We used a cellular-based proteomics approach to more holistically profile both the intracellular and extracellular proteome of prostate cancer.

Higher Temperature Porous Graphitic Carbon Separations Differentially Impact Distinct Glycopeptide Classes.

Mass spectrometry-based discovery glycoproteomics is highly dependent on the use of chromatography paradigms amenable to analyte retention and separation. When compared against established stationary phases such as reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, reports utilizing porous graphitic carbon have detailed its numerous advantages. Recent efforts have highlighted the utility in porous graphitic carbon in high-throughput glycoproteomics, principally through enhanced profiling depth and liquid-phase resolution at higher column temperatures.

Describing and characterising on-demand delivery of unhealthy commodities in New Zealand.

Objective: To determine the geographical location and characteristics of on-demand delivery services operating in New Zealand.

Methods: We systematically searched the web and application (app) stores for on-demand services offering rapid delivery of food, alcohol, cigarettes or vaping products in New Zealand and mapped their geographic location as of May 2021. Using desktop review, data on service characteristics were collected and stratified including: types of commodities available, promotion strategies, and the legal aspects of access to age-restricted items.

Increased expression of SLC25A1/CIC causes an autistic-like phenotype with altered neuron morphology.

N ε-lysine acetylation within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum is a recently characterized protein quality control system that positively selects properly folded glycoproteins in the early secretory pathway. Overexpression of the endoplasmic reticulum acetyl-CoA transporter AT-1 in mouse forebrain neurons results in increased dendritic branching, spine formation and an autistic-like phenotype that is attributed to altered glycoprotein flux through the secretory pathway. AT-1 overexpressing neurons maintain the cytosolic pool of acetyl-CoA by upregulation of SLC25A1, the mitochondrial citrate/malate antiporter and ATP citrate lyase, which converts cytosolic citrate into acetyl-CoA.

SLC13A5/sodium-citrate co-transporter overexpression causes disrupted white matter integrity and an autistic-like phenotype.

Endoplasmic reticulum-based -lysine acetylation serves as an important protein quality control system for the secretory pathway. Dysfunctional endoplasmic reticulum-based acetylation, as caused by overexpression of the acetyl coenzyme A transporter AT-1 in the mouse, results in altered glycoprotein flux through the secretory pathway and an autistic-like phenotype. AT-1 works in concert with SLC25A1, the citrate/malate antiporter in the mitochondria, SLC13A5, the plasma membrane sodium/citrate symporter and ATP citrate lyase, the cytosolic enzyme that converts citrate into acetyl coenzyme A.

Complementary proteome and glycoproteome access revealed through comparative analysis of reversed phase and porous graphitic carbon chromatography.

Continual developments in instrumental and analytical techniques have aided in establishing rigorous connections between protein glycosylation and human illness. These illnesses, such as various forms of cancer, are often associated with poor prognoses, prompting the need for more comprehensive characterization of the glycoproteome. While innovative instrumental and computational strategies have largely benefited glycoproteomic analyses, less attention is given to benefits gained through alternative, optimized chromatographic techniques.

Experiences of African Americans Living With Sickle Cell Disease.

Introduction: About 100,000 individuals in the United States live with sickle cell disease (SCD). Palliative care (PC) can improve symptom management for these individuals. The purpose of the study was to explore (a) the experiences of people living with SCD, and (b) their knowledge and perceptions of PC.

Environmental Impacts on Male Reproductive Development: Lessons from Experimental Models.

Background: Male reproductive development in mammals can be divided into a gonadal formation phase followed by a hormone-driven differentiation phase. Failure of these processes may result in Differences in Sex Development (DSD), which may include abnormalities of the male reproductive tract, including cryptorchidism, hypospadias, infertility, and testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC). These disorders are also considered to be part of a testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) in males.

Recent Developments and Applications of Quantitative Proteomics Strategies for High-Throughput Biomolecular Analyses in Cancer Research.

Innovations in medical technology and dedicated focus from the scientific community have inspired numerous treatment strategies for benign and invasive cancers. While these improvements often lend themselves to more positive prognoses and greater patient longevity, means for early detection and severity stratification have failed to keep pace. Detection and validation of cancer-specific biomarkers hinges on the ability to identify subtype-specific phenotypic and proteomic alterations and the systematic screening of diverse patient groups.

Genesis of change: Substance use treatment for forensic patients with mental health concerns.

Substance use disorders are highly prevalent among forensic patients. They are associated with many challenges for patients with these problems, including their ability to rehabilitate and successfully move through secure forensic mental health services, as well as increasing risk for recidivism. Traditionally, forensic services have been more adept at focusing on and treating the primary mental health diagnosis alone and have been less likely to prioritise this co-occurring patient need.

An exploration of perceived coercion into psychological assessment and treatment within a low secure forensic mental health service.

Psychologists working within forensic mental health (FMH) services face challenges around supporting clients' informed consent when engaging in psychological assessment and treatment. Given that there is little research in this area, this qualitative study interviewed ten forensic inpatients from a low secure FMH service, to determine the impact of any perceived coercion to engage with psychologists. Interviews were transcribed and subject to Thematic Analysis.

Trapped topoisomerase II initiates formation of de novo duplications via the nonhomologous end-joining pathway in yeast.

Topoisomerase II (Top2) is an essential enzyme that resolves catenanes between sister chromatids as well as supercoils associated with the over- or under-winding of duplex DNA. Top2 alters DNA topology by making a double-strand break (DSB) in DNA and passing an intact duplex through the break. Each component monomer of the Top2 homodimer nicks one of the DNA strands and forms a covalent phosphotyrosyl bond with the 5' end.

Children and young people's experiences of completing mental health and wellbeing measures for research: learning from two school-based pilot projects.

Background: In recent years there has been growing interest in child and adolescent mental health and wellbeing, alongside increasing emphasis on schools as a crucial site for research and intervention. This has coincided with an increased use of self-report mental health and wellbeing measures in research with this population, including in school-based research projects. We set out to explore the way that children and young people perceive and experience completing mental health and wellbeing measures, with a specific focus on completion in a school context, in order to inform future measure and research design.

Seeing Through the "Science Eyes" of the ExoMars Rover.

The ExoMars rover, due to launch in mid 2020, will travel to Mars in search of signs of past or present habitability. The rover will carry the Panoramic Camera, PanCam, a scientific camera system designed to provide crucial remote sensing capabilities as mission scientists search for targets of interest. In preparation for the mission operations, the visual output of PanCam has been simulated and modeled with a three-dimensional rendering system, allowing the team to investigate the capabilities of the camera system and providing insight into how it may be calibrated and used for engineering tasks during the surface mission.

Idiopathic short stature and growth hormone sensitivity in prepubertal children.

Objective: We compared growth hormone sensitivity to an insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) generation test in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS) and of normal stature (NS) across the birthweight range.

Methods: Forty-six prepubertal children (~7.1 years) born at term were studied: ISS (n = 23; 74% boys) and NS (n = 23; 57% boys).