Post-natal growth of 157 children born as extremely premature neonates.

Aim: With increasing survival rate of extremely premature neonates, their long-term outcomes including growth and risk factors for later disorders need to be considered. We prospectively evaluated anthropometric parameters in children born as extremely premature neonates.

Methods: Anthropometric parameters were measured at the ages of 2 and 5 years in 72 extremely premature children born between the 22nd and 25 + 6th weeks of gestation (group I) and 85 children born between the 26th and 27 + 6th weeks of gestation (group II).

Early versus delayed surfactant administration in extremely premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome ventilated by high-frequency oscillatory ventilation.

Objective: To determine whether early surfactant administration is superior to selective delayed treatment in terms of improving survival and/or reducing chronic lung disease in extremely premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) treated by high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV).

Design: Prospective randomized clinical trial.

Setting: Tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the Perinatology Center of Prague.