Essential Oil Composition of and : New Natural Constituents.

This study explores the chemical composition of essential oils from two Serbian species (Apiaceae), L. and L., traditionally recognized in Chinese medicine for their therapeutic potential but less studied for their essential oils.

Marrubiin Inhibits Peritoneal Inflammatory Response Induced by Carrageenan Application in C57 Mice.

Marrubiin is a diterpene with a long history of a wide range of biological activities. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of marrubiin were investigated using several in vitro and in vivo assays. Marrubiin inhibited carrageenan-induced peritoneal inflammation by preventing inflammatory cell infiltration and peritoneal mast cell degranulation.

Immunomodulatory Constituents of (Snake Liverwort) and the Relationship of Isolepidozenes to Germacranes and Humulanes.

Structural elucidation of three new sesquiterpenoids, namely, (1,4)-lepidoza-1(10),4-dien-14-ol (), -(1(10),4,5,7)-germacra-1(10),6 diene-11,14-diol (), and -(1(10),4,5,7)-humula-1(10),5-diene-7,14-diol (), isolated from the liverwort , was accomplished by a combination of extensive NMR experiments, H NMR simulation, and other means. Additionally, the change of the identity of bicyclogermacren-14-al, previously reported as a constituent, to isolepidozen-14-al is proposed. Compounds and appear to be related to via hydration involving a shared intermediate, a substituted cyclopropylmethyl cation, formed by a highly regio- and stereoselective protonation of , followed by a stereospecific fission of the three-membered ring.

Constituents of and with Potential Immunomodulatory Activity.

In this investigation, chromatographic separations of the diethyl ether extracts of two European annual taxa, and , yielded nine new natural products, namely, a series of esters of stereoisomeric tetradeca-5,7,9,11-tetraen-1-ols (- and ), a tetra-unsaturated γ-tetradecalactone (), a dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan (7-oxoarcitin, ), a falcarinol-related 17-membered macrolide () possessing a conjugated diyne-system, and an acylphloroglucinol derivative (). All these new compounds were fully characterized by NMR, IR, UV, MS, and optical rotation measurement, including H NMR full spin spectral simulation, whereas the absolute configurations of , , and were determined via chemical correlations and NMR analysis of Mosher esters. The in vitro potential immunomodulatory activities of , , , and (+)-arcitin were assessed by determining their effects on the functional properties of isolated rat splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages.