Diabetic foot attack.

Diabetic foot attack is an acute manifestation of diabetic foot syndrome that requires rapid diagnosis and early initiation of complex therapy based on multidisciplinary team cooperation to save the affected limb. The term "attack" evokes the need for a rapid reaction as for "heart attack". Patients with diabetes mellitus and acute manifestations of diabetic foot syndrome have high risk for amputation of the lower limb, which is associated with higher morbidity and mortality.

[Time in range: new parameter to evaluate blood glucose control].

Continuous glucose monitoring became more common in everyday clinical practice. New parameters have been created as a standard for assessing the degree of control for people with diabetes and can be used more clearly than glycated haemoglobin. The new parameter time in range represents a significant benefit not only for diabetologists, but also an important tool to help the patients in their daily lives with diabetes.

Stimulation TcPO2 Testing Improves Diagnosis of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients With Diabetic Foot.

Background: All diagnostic procedures of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in diabetic foot (DF) are complicated due to diabetes mellitus and its late complications.The aim of our study is to enhance diagnosis of PAD using a novel transcutaneous oximetry (TcPO2) stimulation test.

Methods: The study comprised patients with mild-to-moderate PAD(WIfI-I 1 or 2) and baseline TcPO2 values of 30-50 mmHg.

Expert Opinion on the Therapeutic Use of the Fixed-Ratio Combination of Insulin Glargine 100 U/mL and Lixisenatide: a Central/Eastern European Perspective.

The fixed-ratio combination (FRC) of a basal insulin and a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) has proven to be an effective therapeutic approach. However, physicians face numerous practical questions that cannot be answered by recently published trial results, current guidelines and summaries of product characteristics. In April 2019, a scientific meeting was held with the participation of nine experts from four Central and Eastern European countries to provide expert consensus on the optimal daily use of the insulin glargine and lixisenatide FRC (iGlarLixi).

Glycemic Outcomes in Adults With T1D Are Impacted More by Continuous Glucose Monitoring Than by Insulin Delivery Method: 3 Years of Follow-Up From the COMISAIR Study.

Objective: This study assessed the clinical impact of four treatment strategies in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D): real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) with multiple daily insulin injections (rtCGM+MDI), rtCGM with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (rtCGM+CSII), self-monitoring of blood glucose with MDI (SMBG+MDI), and SMBG with CSII (SMBG+CSII).

Research Design And Methods: This 3-year, nonrandomized, prospective, real-world, clinical trial followed 94 participants with T1D (rtCGM+MDI, = 22; rtCGM+CSII, = 26; SMBG+MDI, = 21; SMBG+CSII, = 25). The main end points were changes in A1C, time in range (70-180 mg/dL [3.

[Faster Insulin Aspart - a new prandial insulin analogue].

Preventing postprandial blood glucose excursions is one of the most challenging aspects of achieving adequate control, especially in patients with better long-term compensation of diabetes. Contemporary prandial insulin analogues that have more favorable properties than human insulin in terms of accelerated absorption, earlier onset of action and shorter duration of action are still significantly slower than endogenous insulin in healthy individuals. Fast-acting insulin aspart (FIAsp - faster aspart) is insulin aspart enriched with two excipients, of which niacinamide is responsible for accelerating absorption after subcutaneous administration.

[Clinical efficacy and safety of basal insulin analogue glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Basal insulin has a clearly defined position in the recommendations for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. General most common indication for administration is the addition in situation of the failure of noninsulin antidiabetic therapy or early insulin treatment of diabetes, as one of the second choice after metformin. In the recent years there is significant expansion of the range of antidiabetic drugs, including basal insulin analogues.

Comparison of Different Treatment Modalities for Type 1 Diabetes, Including Sensor-Augmented Insulin Regimens, in 52 Weeks of Follow-Up: A COMISAIR Study.

Objective: To compare different treatment modalities for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) or self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) combined with multiple daily injections (MDIs) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).

Research Design And Methods: Sixty-five T1D patients were followed up for a year. Of these, 27 started RT-CGM as part of a sensor-augmented insulin regimen (SAIR); within this SAIR group, 15 subjects started sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy and the remaining 12 continued with MDIs (MDIs + RT-CGM).

[Issues of infection related to diabetic foot syndrome].

Foot wounds are common problem in people with diabetes and now constitute the most frequent diabetes-related cause of hospitalization. Diabetic foot infections cause substantial morbidity and at least one in five results in a lower extremity amputation. They are are now the predominant proximate trigger for lower extremity amputations worldwide.

Evaluation of genetic association and expression reduction of TRPC1 in the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Background/aims: The TRPC1 gene on chromosome 3q22-24 resides within the linkage region for diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). A recent study has demonstrated that TRPC1 expression is reduced in the kidney of diabetic ZDF- and STZ-treated rats. The present study aimed to evaluate the genetic and functional role of TRPC1 in the development of DN.

Gene polymorphisms of superoxide dismutases and catalase in diabetes mellitus.

Background: Reactive oxygen species generated by hyperglycaemia modify structure and function of lipids, proteins and other molecules taking part in chronic vascular changes in diabetes mellitus (DM). Low activity of scavenger enzymes has been observed in patients with DM. Protective role of scavenger enzymes may be deteriorated by oxidative stress.