Non-invasive ventilation practices in children across Europe.

Objectives: To describe the diversity in practice in non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in European pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).

Working Hypothesis: No information about the use of NIV in Pediatrics across Europe is currently available, and there might be a wide variability regarding the approach.

Study Design: Cross-sectional electronic survey.

Predicting non-invasive ventilation failure in children from the SpO₂/FiO₂ (SF) ratio.

Purpose: Our objective was to assess whether SpO₂/FiO₂ (SF) ratio could be a useful NIV outcome predictor in children with acute respiratory failure (ARF) and tried to develop a predictive model of NIV failure.

Methods: Prospective, observational, multicenter study. Episodes of ARF-fulfilling inclusion criteria from 15 January 2010 to 14 January 2011 were treated with NIV according to a pre-established protocol.

Neuroborreliosis presenting as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

We report a case of a 5-year-old boy with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis as the initial presentation of neuroborreliosis. Parents report an upper-airway infection a few days before the development of acute encephalopathy, mild facial palsy, and seizures. The patient needed mechanical ventilation for 10 days, and after extubation, he presented hypotonia, ataxia, dysarthria, as well as weak gag and cough reflexes.

Obstetric history and mammographic density: a population-based cross-sectional study in Spain (DDM-Spain).

High mammographic density (MD) is used as a phenotype risk marker for developing breast cancer. During pregnancy and lactation the breast attains full development, with a cellular-proliferation followed by a lobular-differentiation stage. This study investigates the influence of obstetric factors on MD among pre- and post-menopausal women.

Validation of obesity based on self-reported data in Spanish women participants in breast cancer screening programmes.

Background: Measurement of obesity using self-reported anthropometric data usually involves underestimation of weight and/or overestimation of height. The dual aim of this study was, first, to ascertain and assess the validity of new cut-off points, for both overweight and obesity, using self-reported Body Mass Index furnished by women participants in breast cancer screening programmes, and second, to estimate and validate a predictive model that allows recalculate individual BMI based on self-reported data.

Methods: The study covered 2927 women enrolled at 7 breast cancer screening centres.

Alcohol, tobacco, and mammographic density: a population-based study.

Mammographic density (MD), or the proportion of the breast with respect to its overall area that is composed of dense tissue, is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Studies support a positive association of mammographic density and alcohol drinking. This was a cross-sectional multicenter study based on 3584 women, aged 45-68 years, recruited from seven screening centers within the Spanish breast cancer screening program network.