Acalculous Cholecystitis in a Pediatric Patient With Plasmodium Falciparum Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Malaria has been associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis, a very uncommon complication in children. We present a 5-year-old girl, originally from Equatorial-Guinea, diagnosed with severe malaria with acute kidney injury, thrombocytopenia and acute acalculous cholecystitis. She was treated with intravenous quinine and clindamycin, plus cefotaxime and metronidazole with a full resolution without surgery.

Disease disclosure, treatment adherence, and behavioural profile in a cohort of vertically acquired HIV-infected adolescents. NeuroCoRISpeS study.

Unlabelled: Advances in care and antiretroviral treatment, improved life expectancy and quality of life in children with perinatally-acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. There is increasing interest in the chronic effects of growing up with HIV. The aim of this study was to assess the psychosocial, emotional and behavioural functioning in a cohort of perinatally-acquired HIV-infected adolescents.

Lipid and glucose alterations in perinatally-acquired HIV-infected adolescents and young adults.

Background: Successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced mortality among HIV-infected children. However, there is growing concern about long-term effects associated to ART. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in a cohort of perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and young adults and to identify associated factors.

Cardiac function in vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated increased risk of adverse cardiac outcomes in adults with HIV infection. However, few studies have addressed this problem in vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents, and the long-term cardiac health of this unique population in the antiretroviral therapy era is still unknown.

Methods: Ventricular function was evaluated cross-sectionally in a group of HIV-infected children and adolescents and healthy controls, using conventional echocardiography along with tissue Doppler imaging and strain analysis by speckle tracking.

Is there interference in the interpretation of the tuberculin skin test in children with intestinal parasitic infestation?

Background: Infestation by intestinal parasites could be a cause of a false-negative tuberculin skin test (TST) result.

Objective: To evaluate TST results in a population of immigrants and internationally adopted children and to analyze whether intestinal parasitic infestation may modify or not TST results.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study which includes adopted children or immigrants evaluated in our hospital between January 2003 and December 2008.

Tuberculin skin test in bacille Calmette-Guérin-vaccinated children: how should we interpret the results?

Background: The tuberculin skin test (TST) is the most useful method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). There is no evidence about the effect of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine on the interpretation of TST results.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate TST results in a population of immigrants and adopted children, analyzing the effect of the vaccine on TST.

Effect of nutritional status on Tuberculin skin testing.

Objectives: To evaluate Tuberculin skin test (TST) results in a population of immigrants and internationally adopted children from several geographical areas; to analyze whether nutritional status can modify TST results.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included adopted children and immigrants evaluated in the authors' unit between January 2003 and December 2008. Children diagnosed with tuberculosis, or vaccinated with live attenuated virus 2 mo earlier, HIV-infected, chronically ill or under treatment with immunosuppressive agents were excluded.