Celiac disease and depressive disorders as nutritional implications related to common factors - A comprehensive review.

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease affecting the small intestine. The only treatment strategy for CD is the gluten-free diet (GFD). One of the more common mental disorders in CD patients is major depressive disorder (MDD).

New Atypical Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Depression.

Schizophrenia and depression are heterogeneous disorders. The complex pathomechanism of the diseases imply that medication responses vary across patients. Many psychotropic drugs are available but achieving optimal therapeutic effect can be challenging.

HPA Axis in the Pathomechanism of Depression and Schizophrenia: New Therapeutic Strategies Based on Its Participation.

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is involved in the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. Increased HPA axis activity can be observed during chronic stress, which plays a key role in the pathophysiology of depression. Overactivity of the HPA axis occurs in major depressive disorder (MDD), leading to cognitive dysfunction and reduced mood.

Chronic Stress and Oxidative Stress as Common Factors of the Pathogenesis of Depression and Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Antioxidants in Prevention and Treatment.

There is a growing body of scientific research showing the link between depression and dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The chronic stress contributes to the formation of oxidative stress in the parts of the brain involved in the development of depression and AD. The scientific literature reports the significant role of antioxidants, which are highly effective in treating these diseases.

Risk Factors for Eating Disorders and Perception of Body in Young Adults Associated with Sex.

(1) Background: The integrated approach to the prevention and treatment of eating disorders (EDs) requires knowledge and can be used only when specific risk factors are known. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in food choices and eating behavior between males and females; (2) Methods: This study comprised 148 females and 27 males aged from 18 to 26-years-old (MEAN ± SD = 21.4 ± 1.

Analysis of Response Elements Involved in the Regulation of the Human Neonatal Fc Receptor Gene (FCGRT).

Human epithelial, endothelial and PMA-differentiated THP-1 cell lines were used as model systems to study the transcriptional regulation of the human FCGRT gene encoding the alpha chain of hFcRn. The data obtained from site-directed mutagenesis in transient transfection experiments indicate that the Sp1 sites at positions -641, -635, and -313, CF1/YY1 elements at positions -586 and -357, and the AP-1 motif at -276 within the-660/-233 fragment of the human FCGRT promoter (hFCGRT) participate in the regulation of human FCGRT in all selected cell lines. However, their individual contribution to promoter activity is not equivalent.

Prevalence of tic disorders among schoolchildren in Warsaw, Poland.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and to describe clinical characteristics of tic disorders in 12-15 year old Warsaw schoolchildren.

Method: Children attending 24 randomly selected schools were screened by inquiring their parents and teachers. Children indicated as tic-positive by the screening procedure were investigated using semi-structured questionnaires and the Polish version of YGTSS scale.

[CD1 molecules--mechanisms of lipid antigens presentation].

This review summarizes the status of our knowledge on the structure, expression and function of CD1 proteins. An endosomal and non-endosomal pathways of CD1 antigen presentation are also described.

A proline-rich polypeptide complex (PRP) from ovine colostrum. Studies on the effect of PRP on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by LPS in THP-1 cells.

A proline-rich polypeptide complex (PRP) isolated from ovine colostrum shows immunoregulatory activity. Similar activity was observed when PRP was replaced with a nonapeptide (NP) isolated from chymotryptic digest of PRP. The polypeptide complex also shows procognitive activity.

[The neonatal receptor Fc gamma(FcRn)--structure and function].

The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is named for the source from which it was first purified, the intestinal epithelium of neonatal rats. The human homologue of FcRn was first found in the placenta, where is presumably involved in transfer of maternal IgG to the fetus. FcRn has since been found in capillary endothelium, intestinal epithelium and other tissues.

[Features of autism, autistic traits, autism: retrospective analysis of clinical symptoms in children treated in the Pediatric Psychiatric Clinic].

All currently accepted definitions of autism include three main criteria which have to be met for a diagnosis to be made. These are: disturbance of reciprocal social interaction, disturbance of communication and restriction of normal variation in behaviour and interests. The criteria used in the ICD-10 include all these domains.

Analysis of the promoter region of the human FcRn gene.

The 5'-flanking region of the human FcRn alpha-chain gene was analyzed for its ability to directly express the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene in NIH3T3 and Lu106 cells. Transient transfection of the CAT constructs revealed that there was promoter activity in the region -660 to +300 of the 5'-flanking sequence. Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays showed that there are functional binding sites for Sp1 or Sp1-like factors, AP1 or a related factor, and additional unidentified proteins in the promoter region.

Cloning and analysis of the gene encoding the human neonatal Fc receptor.

The neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn, is expressed in human placental syncytiotrophoblast, capillary endothelium, intestinal epithelium, and other tissues. By analogy with its role in the mouse, human FcRn is expected to transport maternal IgG to the foetus, and protect circulating IgG from catabolism. The larger subunit of FcRn is homologous to the alpha chains of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins, but is encoded outside the MHC on chromosome 19.

[Fc gamma receptors in human placenta].

This review summarizes the status of our knowledge on the structure, expression and function of Fc gamma R in the placenta. The discovery in syncytiotrophoblast of an MHC class I--related FcR, of the type responsible for intestinal uptake of milk IgG in suckling rats and mice is also described.

[Subunits gamma and zeta of Fc receptors. Structure and function].

This article describes briefly the recent data on the genes and structure of Fc receptors. Structure and function of subunits gamma and zeta of Fc receptors are presented. A special emphasis is given to their role in signal transduction.

Interaction of human erythrocyte glycophorin with immunoglobulins G.

We have found that human glycophorin and asialoglycophorin interacted with human non-immune IgG. To characterize quantitatively the interaction between glycophorin and IgG we elaborated a direct solid-phase radioimmunoassay. We showed that the binding of IgG was reversible and saturable within the range of IgG concentrations used.

A major histocompatibility complex class I-like Fc receptor cloned from human placenta: possible role in transfer of immunoglobulin G from mother to fetus.

The acquisition of maternal antibodies is critical for immunologic defense of the newborn. In humans, maternal IgG is actively transported across the placenta. The receptor responsible for this transport has not been identified definitively.

Human placental Fc gamma receptor. Studies on affinity labeling of the receptor with IgG.

The aim of the presented work was to find out whether the Fc gamma receptor from human placental syncytiotrophoblast plasma membranes in its native membrane-bound state is composed of more subunit chains than previously found in our laboratory in the purified receptor. The chains might be lost during the purification procedure with the use of various chaotropic reagents, e.g.

Interaction of membrane-bound Fc gamma receptors with the cytoskeletal matrix.

Binding of ligands to cell surface receptors may induce an interaction of the receptors with the cell cytoskeleton. This interaction may decrease the solubility of the receptors in nonionic detergents. We studied effect of binding of various 125I-labeled immunoglobulin ligands to Fc gamma receptors on guinea pig peritoneal macrophages and human placental syncytiotrophoblast plasma membranes on an interaction of these receptors with the cytoskeletal matrix.

Polyclonal antibodies directed against human placental Fcgamma receptor. Characterization of the antibodies and their interaction with the receptor.

Antibodies to the putative Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R) of human placenta were raised by immunization of rabbits with the receptor purified form syncytiotrophoblast plasma membranes of human placenta. The rabbit antibodies were of IgG class and their F(ab')2 fragment interacted with Fc receptors in solubilized form and membrane-bound, as well. Immunological reactivity of the antibodies with Fc gamma R was demonstrated using immunodiffusion, solid-phase immunoassay, and ELISA.

Chemical properties of the placental FC gamma receptor.

The carbohydrate and amino acid compositions of the purified Fc receptor from human placental trophoblasts are described. The placental receptor is a glycoprotein. The total content of carbohydrates in the receptor is 30% (w/w).

Human placental membrane receptor for IgG. Purification of the receptor and its subunit structure.

The method of purification of the human placental Fc receptor to an active form is described. The FcR was purified from the glycoprotein fraction of the placental membranes by immunoprecipitation and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The purified FcR corresponded to 1.