Her-2 oncogene amplification, chromosome 17 and DNA ploidy status in synovial sarcoma.

The treatment options for synovial sarcoma (SS) are very limited, though this type of sarcoma seems to be more heterogeneous than it has been traditionally considered. The present study investigates the Her-2 oncogene status of 20 cases of SS, to determine whether Her-2 amplification can be considered as a prognostic factor. Her-2 oncogene amplification was determined on smears (frozen material was used from our tumor bank in each case), using fluorescence in situ hybridization technique (dual color FISH with centromeric probe for chromosome 17 and specific probe for Her-2 oncogene).

Epidemiology of thyroid microcarcinoma found in autopsy series conducted in areas of different iodine intake.

The prevalence of thyroid microcarcinomas found at autopsies is 100-1000 times higher than in clinical cancer. The epidemiological and histological characteristics of thyroid microcarcinomas in consecutive series of autopsies performed in two areas of different iodine intake were investigated. Iodine deficient (ID) area: n = 222 (M = 109, F = 113), median age: 74-76 years, median iodine excretion (MIE) of nursing home residents from this area: 70 microg/g creatinine.

DNA ploidy and chromosome (FISH) pattern analysis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

Background And Methods: 44 peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNST) (27 schwannomas, 9 neurofibromas and 8 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST)) were analyzed to determine DNA ploidy pattern and to clarify the conflicting data in the literature concerning this topic (whether benign PNSTs are aneuploid or not). For further insight we analyzed 6 schwannomas, one atypical neurofibroma and five MPNSTs by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique using centromeric chromosome probes (7, 17 and 18) and automatic image analysis station, Metafer 4.

Results: Benign schwannomas (including the problematic variants as ancient, cellular, neuroblastoma like and multiplex schwannomas) could be characterized by euploid-polyploidisation and by their 4c peak height value which was usually more than 10% of total cell number measured.

Measuring telomerase activity in various human tumors in routine histology and cytology.

The aim of this study was to investigate telomerase reactivation, to quantitatively measure the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) content and telomerase activity level (TA) in routine histological and cytological samples, and to examine the relationship between these values and morphological factors. We analyzed 86 (35 cytological and 51 histological) lesions which were divided into four main groups: renal tumors, soft tissue tumors, bladder-urine and thyroid gland lesions. The relative expression of mRNA of hTERT was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

The investigation of galectin-3 in diseases of the thyroid gland.

Objective: Malignant tumors of the thyroid gland exhibit a variety of histopathologies and clinical behavior. Immune markers are gaining more and more importance in diagnostic pathology, especially in the differential diagnostics and in the grading of thyroid gland tumors.

Design: The Authors investigated the immunohistochemical reaction of galectin-3 (gal3) in patients with various thyroid gland diseases.

[FISH diagnostics].

For over two decades banding has remained the "gold standard" of cytogenetic analysis, providing the first genome-wide screen for abnormalities. However, conventional cytogenetic banding techniques are limited to the detection of rearrangements involving more than 2 Mb of DNA. In addition,the identification of de novo unbalanced chromosome rearrangements provides a particular challenge for chromosome banding to decipher.

Diagnosis of soft tissue tumors by fine-needle aspiration with combined cytopathology and ancillary techniques.

The diagnosis of mesenchymal neoplasm by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has presented a diagnostic challenge. Most reports claim an accuracy approaching 95%, but while they distinguish benign and malignant lesions, the most problematic group, the intermediary malignant group, is omitted. The purpose of this study was to determine whether rapid cytologic diagnosis of soft-tissue tumors could guide surgeons in therapeutic decisions without the need for a tissue biopsy.

Spontaneously curing anaplastic carcinoma in the lymph node.

A well documented case of a spontaneously curing anaplastic carcinoma in lymph node is presented with a 16 year follow up. Reevaluation and detailed immunohistochemical examination confirmed the original diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma. This is the first report of a spontaneously curing anaplastic carcinoma which raises the following questions: Was the tumor in the axillary lymph node a metastasis or a primary tumor? Does the anaplastic carcinoma demonstrate the same spontaneous regression characteristics as for example the neuroblastoma?