Intra-operative use of Augmented Reality for 3D visualisation of rotational angiography data: Feasibility and workflow demonstration using a PCOM aneurysm case.

In this Neuro-Interventional Video, we demonstrate a novel Augmented Reality (AR) platform for visualising vascular imaging data during interventional procedures. The platform allows clinicians to interact with 3D patient data through head-mounted displays while remaining sterile. Our workflow converts rotational angiography data to 3D models in real-time, and enables intuitive hand-tracked manipulation of patient data, including tools for cropping, size measurement, and C-arm projection assessment.

Monozygotic triplets with juvenile-onset autoimmunity and 18p microdeletion involving .

Abnormal gene dosage from copy number variants has been associated with susceptibility to autoimmune disease. This includes 18p deletion syndrome, a chromosomal disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 50,000 characterized by intellectual disability, facial dysmorphology, and brain abnormalities. The underlying causes for autoimmune manifestations associated with 18p deletions, however, remain unknown.

FATAL: A Forensic AuTopsy Annotation tooL for digital recording of autopsy findings.

The findings from forensic autopsies, where cause of death must be established and reported to legal authorities, are reported in paper-based formats. Practitioners are required to map 3D injury findings to 2D space. Here, we design and describe a digital Forensic AuTopsy Annotation tooL (FATAL), that can be used by practitioners to record systematically detailed autopsy findings onto an interactive 3D body model.

Peak fat oxidation, peak oxygen uptake, and running performance increase during pre-season in sub-elite male football players.

Purpose: In Football, the high-intensity running bouts during matches are considered decisive. Interestingly, recent studies showed that peak fat oxidation rates (PFO) are higher in football players than other athletes. This study aimed to investigate whether PFO increases following a pre-season.

Kinetics of Torque Teno virus in heart transplant patients.

End-stage heart failure often requires heart transplantation as a life-prolonging treatment. Immunosuppressive therapy is necessary to avoid rejection, but is associated with serious adverse effects. New approaches are needed to monitor immune function in heart transplant patients.

A Novel CDC42 Variant with Impaired Thymopoiesis, IL-7R Signaling, PAK1 Binding, and TCR Repertoire Diversity.

Genetic variants in cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) can manifest with dysmorphic features, autoinflammation, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and thrombocytopenia, whereas defective thymopoiesis is a rare disease manifestation. We report a novel CDC42 missense variant (c.46A > G, p.

Monocyte phenotype and extracellular vesicles in HIV-1, HIV-2, and HIV-1/2 dual infection.

Objective: AIDS-defining illness develops at higher CD4 + T-cell counts in individuals infected with HIV-2 compared with HIV-1-infected, which suggests that the two types of HIV may have different effects on other compartments of the immune system. We here investigate monocyte phenotype, activation and macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles in individuals with different HIV types.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Comparison of Anatomical Pathway Models with Tractography Estimates of the Pallidothalamic, Cerebellothalamic, and Corticospinal Tracts.

Models of structural connectivity in the human brain are typically simulated using tractographic approaches. However, the nonlinear fitting of anatomical pathway atlases to subject brains represents a simpler alternative that is hypothesized to provide more anatomically realistic results. Therefore, the goal of this study was to perform a side-by-side comparison of the streamline estimates generated by either pathway atlas fits or tractographic reconstructions in the same subjects.

Holographic visualization for stereotactic neurosurgery research.

Background:: Stereotactic neurosurgical planning for the placement of depth electrodes requires the integration of wide-ranging 3D datasets on the anatomy of the patient.

Objective:: Our goal was to create an interactive group-based holographic visualization tool (HoloSNS) that facilitates evaluation of depth electrode positioning relative to the available medical imaging data, as well as models of the anatomical nuclei and structural connectivity of the brain.

Methods:: HoloSNS is currently designed to run on the HoloLens 2 platform, and was developed using the Unity Game Engine and the Mixed Reality Toolkit from Microsoft.

Evolving characterization of the human hyperdirect pathway.

The hyperdirect pathway (HDP) represents the main glutamatergic input to the subthalamic nucleus (STN), through which the motor and prefrontal cerebral cortex can modulate basal ganglia activity. Further, direct activation of the motor HDP is thought to be an important component of therapeutic deep brain stimulation (DBS), mediating the disruption of pathological oscillations. Alternatively, unintended recruitment of the prefrontal HDP may partly explain some cognitive side effects of DBS therapy.

DBSegment: Fast and robust segmentation of deep brain structures considering domain generalization.

Segmenting deep brain structures from magnetic resonance images is important for patient diagnosis, surgical planning, and research. Most current state-of-the-art solutions follow a segmentation-by-registration approach, where subject magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) are mapped to a template with well-defined segmentations. However, registration-based pipelines are time-consuming, thus, limiting their clinical use.

A low level of naturally occurring antibodies associates with functional antibody deficiency.

Functional antibody deficiency is clinically assessed from antibody responses to vaccination. However, diagnostic vaccination is complex and may fail in practice. We hypothesized that the levels of naturally occurring antibodies against galactose-α-1,3-galactose (αGal) may represent alternative markers of functional antibody capacity.

Diagnostic Vaccination in Clinical Practice.

Testing the antibody response to vaccination (diagnostic vaccination) is crucial in the clinical evaluation of primary immunodeficiency diseases. Guidelines from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) provide detailed recommendations for diagnostic vaccination with pure pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines (PPV). However, the degree of compliance with these guidelines and the utility of the guidelines in actual practice are undescribed.

Persistent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Immunocompromised Host Displaying Treatment Induced Viral Evolution.

We report a coronavirus disease 2019 case with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) persisting beyond 333 days in an immunocompromised patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, asymptomatically carrying infectious SARS-CoV-2 at day 197 postdiagnosis. In addition, viral sequencing indicates major changes in the spike protein over time, temporally associated with convalescent plasma treatment.

Atopic respiratory diseases and IgE sensitization are associated with leukocyte subset concentrations in 14,440 blood donors.

Background And Aims: Allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), and asthma are characterized by activation of the immune system. The aim of this study was to explore the long-term association between AR, AC, asthma, and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and blood platelet and leukocyte differential counts.

Material And Methods: In the Danish Blood Donor Study, 14,440 participants from Central Denmark Region had platelet and leukocyte differential counts available and completed a questionnaire regarding AR, AC, and asthma.

Subthalamic deep brain stimulation affects heading perception in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) presents with visuospatial impairment and falls. It is critical to understand how subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) modulates visuospatial perception. We hypothesized that DBS has different effects on visual and vestibular perception of linear motion (heading), a critical aspect of visuospatial navigation; and such effects are specific to modulated STN location.

Combinations of self-reported rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma predicts IgE sensitization in more than 25,000 Danes.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), and asthma composing multiple phenotypes and improved understanding of these phenotypes and their respective risk factors are needed.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to define the prevalence of AR, AC, and asthma and their association with allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) sensitization in a large cohort of blood donors and identify risk factors.

Methods: From the nationwide population-based Danish Blood Donor Study, 52,976 participants completed an electronic questionnaire including AR, AC, asthma, allergic predisposition, and childhood residence.

StimVision v2: Examples and Applications in Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease.

Objective: Subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established therapy for Parkinson's disease. Connectomic DBS modeling is a burgeoning subfield of research aimed at characterizing the axonal connections activated by DBS. This article describes our approach and methods for evolving the StimVision software platform to meet the technical demands of connectomic DBS modeling in the subthalamic region.

Severity-Dependent Effects of Parkinson's Disease on Perception of Visual and Vestibular Heading.

Objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly affects visuospatial navigation causing postural instability and falls. Our overarching aim was to examine the visual and vestibular systems governing visuospatial navigation in PD. We hypothesize that PD affects vestibular and visual motion perception but to a different extent.

The value of circulating microRNAs for early diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma: A case-control study on historical samples.

MicroRNAs are small regulatory RNAs that are deregulated in a wide variety of human cancers, including different types of B-cell lymphoma. Nevertheless, the feasibility of circulating microRNA for early diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma has not been established. To address the possibility of detecting specific circulating microRNAs years before a B-cell lymphoma is diagnosed, we studied the plasma expression of microRNA first in pre-treatment samples from patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and subsequently in repository samples from blood donors who later developed B-cell lymphomas.