[Bisphosphonate-induced ocular and orbital inflammation].

The inflammatory side effects of bisphosphonates are well-known. We report a case of orbital and ocular inflammation secondary to the use of intravenous zoledronic acid and a case of scleritis secondary to oral alendronate. Bisphosphonate-induced inflammation can present as uveitis, (epi)scleritis, and orbital inflammation.

Danish heritable retinoblastoma survivors' perspectives on reproductive choices: "It's important for me, not to pass on this condition".

Despite reporting an overall normal life, survivors of heritable retinoblastoma face numerous physical and psychosocial issues. In particular, reproductive decision-making is often complex and difficult. This study aims to examine survivors' reflections on passing on heritable retinoblastoma to their children, how survivors approach their reproductive choices, and how the healthcare system can optimize counseling and support.

Genetic testing in adult survivors of retinoblastoma in Denmark: A study of the experience and impact of genetic testing many years after initial diagnosis.

Background: Survivors with heritable retinoblastoma (RB) face a high risk for second primary cancer and RB in their children. Knowledge of heredity can support second cancer surveillance, convey reproductive options or early diagnosis of RB in their offspring. Currently, all newly diagnosed Danish patients with RB are offered genetic testing, as opposed to a minority of survivors diagnosed before available DNA testing.

Metachronous, non-pineal, trilateral retinoblastoma in a patient with a seemingly reduced-expressivity germline deletion.

The clinical course of trilateral retinoblastoma can be unpredictable, and expressivity of germline variants may vary during development. We describe an unexpected fatal case of trilateral retinoblastoma with an intracranial tumor in an unusual location and discuss genetic copy number analyses as a useful diagnostic tool with therapeutic potential.

Genomic Alterations in Human Papillomavirus-Positive and -Negative Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinomas.

Purpose: The genomic alterations contributing to the pathogenesis of conjunctival squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and their precursor lesions are poorly understood and hamper our ability to develop molecular therapies to reduce the recurrence rates and treatment-related morbidities of this disease. We aimed to characterize the somatic DNA alterations in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative conjunctival SCC.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with conjunctival SCC in situ or SCC treated in ocular oncology referral centers in Denmark were included.

Living with heritable retinoblastoma and the perceived role of regular follow-up at a retinoblastoma survivorship clinic: 'That is exactly what I have been missing'.

Objective: To explore living with heritable retinoblastoma, specifically survivors' perceived role of regular follow-up at a retinoblastoma survivorship clinic.

Methods And Analysis: Adult survivors of heritable retinoblastoma were recruited from the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital. Ten survivors participated in individual explorative, semistructured interviews.

Human papillomavirus infection plays a role in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Purpose: We aimed to study the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. Furthermore, we aimed to explore whether geographical differences or different detection modalities are associated with the conflicting information regarding HPV and the development of the disease.

Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases for studies reporting on HPV and conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia or carcinoma.

Incidence and Mortality of Second Primary Cancers in Danish Patients With Retinoblastoma, 1943-2013.

Importance: In heritable retinoblastoma, there is a significantly increased risk of second primary cancers (SPCs). Improved knowledge about the incidence and influence of heritability and treatment is important during therapy for patients with retinoblastoma.

Objective: To assess the incidence of SPC in patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma in Denmark from 1943 to 2013 with a focus on heritability and the association of external radiotherapy with mortality.

A multidimensional cohort study of late toxicity after intensity modulated radiotherapy for sinonasal cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the occurrence of late toxicity after curatively intended intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for sinonasal cancer and assess dose-response associations.

Methods: Patients treated with IMRT in 2008-2016 were included. Cross sectional examinations of toxicity from the optic pathway, the brain, the pituitary gland and the nose were performed along with quality of life - (QoL) and dose-response analyses.

Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma: distinct clinical and histological features in relation to human papilloma virus status.

Aims: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered a causative agent for the development of a broad range of human carcinomas. The role of HPV in the development of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and carcinoma (cSCC) remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the HPV prevalence in a nationwide cohort and to describe clinical and histopathological features in relation to HPV status.

Danish retinoblastoma patients 1943-2013 - genetic testing and clinical implications.

Background: In heritable retinoblastoma there is a 50% risk of transmitting the RB1 mutation, and offspring carriers have more than 90% risk of developing retinoblastoma. Today, all newly diagnosed retinoblastoma patients in Denmark are screened for mutations in RB1, as opposed to only a minority of patients diagnosed before DNA testing was offered. Knowledge of heredity increases the chance of early diagnosis in offspring, leading to improved prognosis.

Ray-tracing analysis of intraocular lens power in situ.

Purpose: To describe a method for back-solving the power of an intraocular lens (IOL) in situ based on laser biometry and ray-tracing analysis of the pseudophakic eye.

Setting: University Eye Clinic, Aarhus Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Design: Evaluation of diagnostic test or technology.

Simultaneous quantification of 17 immune mediators in aqueous humour from patients with corneal rejection.

Purpose: To simultaneously quantitate and compare the concentrations of 17 immune mediators: (1) the cytokines interleukin-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma; (2) the growth factors granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and (3) the chemokines CXCL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta in aqueous humour from patients with corneal rejection and patients with a non-inflammatory condition in the anterior chamber.

Methods: Aqueous humour was obtained by paracentesis of the anterior chamber in 14 patients with corneal rejection, three patients with cataract and six patients with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy. Simultaneous quantitation of 17 mediators in 25 micro l aqueous humour from each patient was performed by employing a highly sensitive Luminex 100 multiplex array assay.

The congenital "ant-egg" cataract phenotype is caused by a missense mutation in connexin46.

Purpose: "Ant-egg" cataract is a rare, distinct variety of congenital/infantile cataract that was reported in a large Danish family in 1967. This cataract phenotype is characterized by ant-egg-like bodies embedded in the lens in a laminar configuration and is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. We retrieved the family and performed linkage analysis to determine the disease locus and identify the mutated gene.

Alpha-1--antitrypsin in aqueous humour from patients with corneal allograft rejection.

Purpose: To investigate the presence and concentration of alpha1-antitrypsin in aqueous humour at the time of corneal rejection and to compare results obtained from patients with reversible and irreversible rejection.

Methods: Samples of aqueous humour were obtained from 17 patients with acute corneal endothelial allograft rejection. The presence of alpha1-antitrypsin in aqueous humour was confirmed by immunoblotting and measured employing a sandwich ELISA.

Soluble CD163 and interleukin-6 are increased in aqueous humour from patients with endothelial rejection of corneal grafts.

Purpose: To evaluate soluble CD163 (sCD163) as a new marker of macrophage activity in aqueous humour from patients with corneal rejection and to investigate correlations between sCD163, the CD163 inducing interleukin-6 (IL-6), and albumin; to investigate whether increases in sCD163 and IL-6 levels in aqueous humour were results of intra- or extraocular production, and to investigate the impact of sCD163 and IL-6 levels on graft outcome.

Methods: Aqueous humour was obtained from 19 patients with endothelial rejection of corneal grafts, seven cataract patients and five cataract patients with uncomplicated corneal grafts. The presence of sCD163 was investigated by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting.

Proteomic analysis of aqueous humour from patients with acute corneal rejection.

Purpose: To compare the basic proteomic composition of aqueous humour (AH) from patients with corneal rejection (patients) with AH from patients with cataract (controls).

Methods: Aqueous humour was analysed for total protein concentration using Bradford's method and for protein composition using two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis. Image analysis was used to detect protein spots in 2D gels that were increased by more than factor 2 in patients as compared with controls.