Control of Exchange Interactions in π Dimers of 6-Oxophenalenoxyl Neutral π Radicals: Spin-Density Distributions and Multicentered-Two-Electron Bonding Governed by Topological Symmetry and Substitution at the 8-Position.

The tri-tert-butylphenalenyl (TBPLY) radical exists as a π dimer in the crystal form with perfect overlapping of the singly occupied molecular orbitals (SOMOs) causing strong antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. 2,5-Di-tert-butyl-6-oxophenalenoxyl (6OPO) is a phenalenyl-based air-stable neutral π radical with extensive spin delocalization and is a counter analogue of phenalenyl in terms of the topological symmetry of the spin density distribution. X-ray crystal structure analyses showed that 8-tert-butyl- and 8-(p-XC6H4)-6OPOs (X=I, Br) also form π dimers in the crystalline state.

Organic tailored batteries materials using stable open-shell molecules with degenerate frontier orbitals.

Secondary batteries using organic electrode-active materials promise to surpass present Li-ion batteries in terms of safety and resource price. The use of organic polymers for cathode-active materials has already achieved a high voltage and cycle performance comparable to those of Li-ion batteries. It is therefore timely to develop approaches for high-capacity organic materials-based battery applications.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of nucleoside diphosphate kinase from Thermus thermophilus HB8.

Nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase contributes to the maintenance of cellular pools of all nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) by catalyzing the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from an NTP donor to an NDP acceptor. NDP kinase from the extreme thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB8 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and crystallized at 297 K using polyethylene glycol 8000 as the precipitant by means of the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion procedure. The crystals belong to the hexagonal system, space group P6(3)22, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 124.