Mechanical Properties and Performance of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Reinforced with Carbon, Glass and Basalt Short Fibers.

This paper presents the results of experimental investigation of the mechanical characteristics of 3D-printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and its modifications reinforced with different types of short-fiber fillers: carbon, glass, and basalt. Elastic modulus, tensile and bending strength, as well as fracture toughness were determined in series of mechanical tests for samples produced with different manufacturing parameters, such as nozzle diameter and infill angle. It was found that the use of ABS filament reinforced with the short fibers can significantly improve the mechanical properties of 3D-printed devices when the infill angle is oriented along the vector of the applied load.

Effect of degradation in polymer scaffolds on mechanical properties: Surface vs. bulk erosion.

Porous polymeric scaffolds are used in tissue engineering to maintain or replace damaged biological tissues. Once embedded in body, they are involved into different physical and biological processes, among which their degradation and dissolution of their material can be singled out as one of the most important ones. Degradation parameters depend mostly on the properties of both the material and surrounding native tissues, which can substantially alter the original mechanical parameters of the scaffolds.

Introducing microarchitecture into 3D-printed prosthesis socket: Pressure distribution and mechanical performance.

This research is aimed at development of 3D-printed sockets for an orthopaedic prosthesis using methods of pressure redistribution on the inner surface of the socket. Topological freedom provided by modern additive manufacturing allows optimization of the parameters of the socket to create an orthopaedic prosthesis with properties adapted to the needs of a particular patient. This paper proposes an approach to redistribute the pressure in the prosthesis by controlled reinforcement with continuous carbon rods to artificially create zones of higher and lower pressure to facilitate prosthetic wear.

Composites with Re-Entrant Lattice: Effect of Filler on Auxetic Behaviour.

This study is focused on the deformation behaviour of composites formed by auxetic lattice structures acting as a matrix based on the re-entrant unit-cell geometry with a soft filler, motivated by biomedical applications. Three-dimensional models of two types of the auxetic-lattice structures were manufactured using filament deposition modelling. Numerical finite-element models were developed for computational analysis of the effect of the filler with different mechanical properties on the effective Poisson's ratio and mechanical behaviour of such composites.

Understanding of trabecular-cortical transition zone: Numerical and experimental assessment of multi-morphology scaffolds.

Applications of additive manufacturing (AM) in tissue engineering develop rapidly. AM offers layer-by-layer creation of complex objects, developed to restore functionality of, or replace, damaged tissues. Porous 3D-printed functional gradient structures are of particular interest: their special architecture makes it possible to simulate the heterogeneity of the replaced tissue and, by continuously changing the mechanical properties, to avoid the concentration of stresses that can be caused by abrupt geometric changes.

Effect of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene.

The effect of short carbon fiber (SCF) filler on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) was investigated. The fused filament fabrication (FFF) method was used for the manufacturing of samples. Elastic properties and strength characteristics of samples made of conventional ABS and SCF-reinforced ABS were compared in tensile and bending tests.

Prediction of Technical State of Mechanical Systems Based on Interpretive Neural Network Model.

A classic problem in prognostic and health management (PHM) is the prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL). However, until now, there has been no algorithm presented to achieve perfect performance in this challenge. This study implements a less explored approach: binary classification of the state of mechanical systems at a given forecast horizon.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Elastic Properties and Fracture Toughness of Fused Filament Fabricated PEEK for Biomedical Applications.

This work presents the results of an experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) specimens additively manufactured (AM) by using fused filament fabrication with different printing parameters and subjected to postprocessing heat treatment. Standard and compact tension samples were manufactured with a different infill angle using 0.4 mm and 0.

Biocompatibility of 3D-Printed PLA, PEEK and PETG: Adhesion of Bone Marrow and Peritoneal Lavage Cells.

Samples in the form of cylindrical plates, additively manufactured using the fused deposition modelling (or filament freeform fabrication, FDM/FFF) technology from polylactide (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK), were studied in series of in-vitro experiments on the adhesion of rat bone-marrow cells and rat peritoneal cells. Methods of estimation of the absolute number of cells and polymer samples' mass change were used for the evaluation of cells adhesion, followed by the evaluation of cell-culture supernatants. The results of experiments for both types of cells demonstrated a statistically significant change in the absolute number of cells (variation from 44 to 119%) and the weight of the polymer samples (variation from 0.

Numerical Analysis of the Mechanical Response of Two-Phase Nanocomposites Consisting of Nanoporous Gold and Polymer.

In this work, representative volume elements (RVEs) of composites, consisting of nanoporous gold and polymer, were investigated. Gold is of great interest as a special case of nanoporous metals as it deforms to large plastic strains when compressed, whereas normally nanomaterials allow only small deformations. The nanocomposite is modeled as a nanoporous monocrystal filled with a polymer.