Corrigendum: The main protease 3CLpro of the SARS-CoV-2 virus: how to turn an enemy into a helper.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.

The main protease 3CLpro of the SARS-CoV-2 virus: how to turn an enemy into a helper.

Despite the long history of use and the knowledge of the genetics and biochemistry of , problems are still possible in obtaining a soluble form of recombinant proteins in this system. Although, soluble protein can be obtained both in the cytoplasm and in the periplasm of the bacterial cell. The latter is a priority strategy for obtaining soluble proteins.

Hydroxyapatite Double Substituted with Zinc and Silicate Ions: Possibility of Mechanochemical Synthesis and In Vitro Properties.

In this study, the mechanochemical synthesis of substituted hydroxyapatite (HA) containing zinc and silicon ions having a chemical formula of CaZn(PO)(SiO)(OH), where x = 0.2, 0.6, 1.

Hepatoprotective Effect of a New FFAR1 Agonist-N-Alkylated Isobornylamine.

Free fatty acid receptor-1 (FFAR1) is one of the possible therapeutic targets in the search for new hepatoprotective drugs. FFAR1 agonists were found to have hypolipidemic, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antioxidant effects in addition to hypoglycemic action. In this work, we conducted a study of the hepatoprotective effect of the compound QS-528 (previously discovered as an agonist of FFAR1) at doses of 60, 90, 120 and 150 mg/kg on carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced liver injury.

The Study of Hypoglycemic Activity of 7-Terpenylcoumarins.

Natural and synthetic coumarins are often considered privileged scaffolds for obtaining pharmacological agents with hypoglycemic activity. Chemical modification of coumarins often leads to antidiabetic agents with greater efficacy. In the present work, twenty monoterpene-substituted 7-hydroxycoumarins were synthesized.

Preparation and Characterization of a Glycyrrhizic Acid-Based Drug Delivery System for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy.

The most effective method of treating allergic diseases, aimed not at relieving symptoms, but at eliminating the cause of the disease, is allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). To reduce the risk of side effects and improve the delivery of allergens to the mucosa, various delivery systems, such as liposomes, dendrimers, nanoparticles, etc., can be used.

Detonation Spraying of Hydroxyapatite on a Titanium Alloy Implant.

Hydroxyapatite (HA), the major mineral component of tooth enamel and natural bones, is a good candidate for bone tissue engineering. Synthetic HA is used for making coatings on metallic implants intended for medical applications. A HA coating renders the implant biocompatible and osteoinductive.

Solubility, Permeability, Anti-Inflammatory Action and In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Properties of Several Mechanochemically Obtained Pharmaceutical Solid Dispersions of Nimesulide.

Nimesulide (NIM, -(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)methanesulfonamide) is a relatively new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic drug. It is practically insoluble in water (<0.02 mg/mL).

Study of supramolecular complex of nifedipine with arabinogalactan on Wistar and ISIAH rats.

Physicochemical and pharmacological study of the supramolecular inclusion complexes of the hypotensive drug nifedipine (NF) with the larch polysaccharide arabinogalactan (AG). The NF:AG complexes were obtained and their physicochemical properties were studied. Their hypotensive action and pharmacokinetic profiles were evaluated in rats with normal and elevated arterial blood pressure.

Bornyl Derivatives of -(Benzyloxy)Phenylpropionic Acid: In Vivo Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity.

A series of bornyl derivatives of -(benzyloxy)phenylpropionic acid were prepared, and their hypoglycemic activities were examined by an oral glucose tolerance test in mice. The results of this test revealed two compounds, and , that can reduce the blood level of glucose similarly to reference compound vildagliptin. Both compounds were tested in an experiment on mice with metabolic disorders: the C57BL/6 strain.

Effect of Glycyrrhizic Acid and Arabinogalactan on the Membrane Potential of Rat Thymocytes Studied by Potential-Sensitive Fluorescent Probe.

The effect of the natural saponin glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and polysaccharide arabinogalactan (AG) on the transmembrane potential of rat thymocytes was investigated using the potential-sensitive fluorescent probe 4-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-1-methylpyridinium (DSM). Incubation of cells with GA in micellar form resulted in a decrease of the amplitude of observed fluorescence kinetics that points out to a decrease of the transmembrane potential. The proposed mechanism is an increase of membrane ion permeability (passive ion transport) of the plasma cell membrane due to GA incorporation.

Biodegradable poly(l-lactide)/calcium phosphate composites with improved properties for orthopedics: Effect of filler and polymer crystallinity.

Biodegradable poly(l-lactide)/calcium phosphate composites are promising materials for fabrication of bone fixation implants with improved properties. Multistage compounding was proposed as an efficient method for the preparation of biodegradable poly(l-lactide)/calcium phosphate composites with submicron filler dispersion and mechanical characteristics similar to native bone. The improvement of the characteristics is caused both by the filler itself and by the increase of polymer crystallinity due to the nucleation effect.

Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the quantitative analysis of the anti-influenza agent camphecene in rat plasma and its application to study the blood-to-plasma distribution of the agent.

A method of quantitative determination of camphecene, a new anti-influenza agent, in rat blood plasma based on LC-MS/MS was developed, validated and used to study the distribution of the agent between blood cells and blood plasma. The method was validated according to FDA and EMA recommendations in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, stability and carry-over. Plasma samples were precipitated with methanol followed by the addition of a methanolic solution of 2-adamantylamine hydrochloride (internal standard).

Preparation, physicochemical and pharmacological study of curcumin solid dispersion with an arabinogalactan complexation agent.

Pharmaceutical solid dispersions (SD) of curcumin (Cur) with macromolecule polysaccharide arabinogalactan (AG) from wood of Larix sibirica were prepared by mechanical ball milling. The physical properties of the dispersed curcumin mixture in solid state were characterized by scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction studies. These methods showed a strong decrease in the degree of crystallinity of Cur and its transformation to amorphization state, accompanied by the formation of the guest-host type complexes.

Atorvastatin calcium inclusion complexation with polysaccharide arabinogalactan and saponin disodium glycyrrhizate for increasing of solubility and bioavailability.

The aim of the present investigation was to enhance the solubility and dissolution of atorvastatin calcium (ATV), a poorly water-soluble drug with larch polysaccharide arabinogalactan (AG) and disodium glycyrrhizate (NaGA) as carriers of drug delivery systems for improving its bioavailability. The interactions of ATV with AG or NaGA were investigated by DSC, XRD, SEM, and NMR techniques. The molecular weights of supramolecular systems-inclusion complexes and micelles-which are the hosts for ATV molecules were measured.

Preparation of curcumin self-micelle solid dispersion with enhanced bioavailability and cytotoxic activity by mechanochemistry.

An amorphous solid dispersion (SD) of curcumin (Cur) with disodium glycyrrhizin (NaGA) was prepared by mechanical ball milling. Curcumin loaded micelles were self-formed by NaGA when SD dissolved in water. The physical properties of Cur SD in solid state were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction studies, and scanning electron microscope.

Enhanced solubility and bioavailability of simvastatin by mechanochemically obtained complexes.

In the present work, complexes of simvastatin (SIM) with polysaccharide arabinogalactan (AG) or disodium salt of glycyrrhizin acid (NaGA) have been prepared using mechanochemical technique to improve the solubility of SIM and enhance its oral bioavailability. The interactions of SIM with AG or NaGA were investigated by FTIR, DSC, XRD and SEM. Self-association of SIM in various solvents was investigated by UV/Vis and NMR techniques.

Development and validation of ultrafast LC-MS/MS method for quantification of anti-influenza agent camphecene in whole rat blood using dried blood spots and its application to pharmacokinetic studies.

A fast, selective and sensitive procedure for quantitation of the camphor-based anti-influenza agent camphecene in whole rat blood was developed and validated using dried blood spots and LC-MS/MS. The method was validated according to recommendations of the FDA and EMA in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix factor, stability, and carry-over. Sample preparation included spotting 20μL of whole blood taken from the tail vein onto the paper, drying and extracting the analyte, followed by evaporation of the solvent and analysis of the residue.