The incidence trends of papillary thyroid carcinoma in Belarus during the post-Chernobyl epoch.

Background: The increase of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) rate among children who were exposed to post-Chernobyl 131-I release was reported only four years after the accident, first in Belarus where the heaviest fallout happened. The evolution of the occurrence of thyroid carcinoma based on the age-period-cohort analysis and the effects of age, period, and birth cohort on time trends aimed to reveal if post-Chernobyl follicular cells irradiation still has been impacting on incidence rate of papillary thyroid carcinoma nowadays.

Methods: The Belarusian Cancer Registry was used to identify patients with PTC diagnosed during the years 1980-2019.

Comparative pathological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma with second primary non-thyroid malignancies in the region affected by the Chernobyl accident.

The aim was to study the pathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed with or before second primary malignancy in patients exposed to post-Chernobyl exposure. The patients selected (n = 6559) were those exposed to radiation at the age of ≤ 18 years old and developed papillary thyroid carcinoma during the years 1990-2020. Of these, 2.

Major Oncogenic Drivers and Their Clinicopathological Correlations in Sporadic Childhood Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Belarus.

Childhood papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) diagnosed after the Chernobyl accident in Belarus displayed a high frequency of gene rearrangements and low frequency of point mutations. Since 2001, only sporadic thyroid cancer occurs in children aged up to 14 years but its molecular characteristics have not been reported. Here, we determine the major oncogenic events in PTC from non-exposed Belarusian children and assess their clinicopathological correlations.

Second primary malignancies in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma after effect of post-chernobyl irradiation: A risk analysis of more than two decades of observations.

Background: Second primary malignancy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma after Chernobyl accident is an emerging problem. The aims of the study are to investigate the rates and distribution of second primary malignant tumours in Belarus survivors of post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid carcinoma and the cumulative rate of developing a second primary malignancy in a group of patients with metachronous second primaries.

Methods: Patients aged 18 or younger at the time of Chernobyl accident who were diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma after 1986 were identified from the Belarus Cancer Registry.

Breast Cancer After Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer With Radioiodine in Young Females: What We Know and How to Investigate Open Questions. Review of the Literature and Results of a Multi-Registry Survey.

Published studies on the risk of radiation-induced second primary malignancy (SPM) after radioiodine treatment (RAI) of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) refer mainly to patients treated as middle-aged or older adults and are not easily generalizable to those treated at a younger age. Here we review available literature on the risk of breast cancer as an SPM after RAI of DTC with a focus on females undergoing such treatment in childhood, adolescence, or young adulthood. Additionally, we report the results of a preliminary international survey of patient registries from academic tertiary referral centers specializing in pediatric DTC.

Factors affecting the approaches and complications of surgery in childhood papillary thyroid carcinomas.

Background: The aim of the study is to analyse the factors related to permanent surgical complications in children and adolescents with papillary thyroid carcinoma treated by total thyroidectomy with central and bilateral neck dissections.

Methods: Children and adolescents aged ≤18-year-old at presentation with papillary thyroid carcinoma during the years 1988-2010 underwent thyroid and lymph-node surgeries (with a median follow-up of 19.6 years) were analysed for post-surgical complications.

Optimizing treatment for children and adolescents with papillary thyroid carcinoma in post-Chernobyl exposed region: The roles of lymph node dissections in the central and lateral neck compartments.

There is lack of data to predict lymph node metastases in pediatric thyroid cancer. The aims are to study (1) the factors affecting the lymph node metastases in children and adolescence with papillary thyroid carcinoma in region exposed to radiation and (2) to evaluate the predictive significance of these factors for lateral compartment lymphadenectomy. Five hundred and nine patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma underwent total thyroidectomy and lymph nodes resection (central and lateral compartments of the neck) surgery during the period of 1991-2010 in Belarus were recruited.

Characteristics of cribriform morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma in post-Chernobyl affected region.

The aim is to study the characteristics of cribriform morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CMV-PTC) in patients living in the radiation-affected area of Belarus. The clinical and pathological features of 35 patients with CMV-PTC from Belarus were studied and compared with those of conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed in the same period. The patients with CMV-PTC were all females and were younger at presentation (mean age = 24) than those with conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Morphological Changes Induced by Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation in Thyroid Nodules - a Preclinical Investigation.

Recently, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been increasingly used for the treatment of thyroid nodules. However, immediate morphological changes associated with bipolar devices are poorly shown. To present the results of analysis of gross and microscopic alterations in human thyroid tissue induced by RFA delivered through the application of the original patented device.

Characteristics of young adults of Belarus with post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid carcinoma: a long-term follow-up of patients with early exposure to radiation at the 30th anniversary of the accident.

Objectives: Studies of thyroid cancer related to the Chernobyl accident have focused on children as they are the most vulnerable group with the highest risk of developing radiation-associated cancer. In contrast, our research aimed to look at the clinical and pathological features of patients with post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid carcinoma that were 2 years old or less at the time of the Chernobyl accident.

Design: The study subjects were patients (n = 359) aged 0 to 2 at the time of the Chernobyl accident and aged ≥19 years at presentation/surgery who were treated in Belarus for papillary thyroid carcinoma during the period 2003-2013.

Morphological and clinical presentation of papillary thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents of Belarus: the influence of radiation exposure and the source of irradiation.

Objective: The aims were to analyse the features of papillary thyroid carcinoma in a large cohort of children and adolescents in Belarus and to study the influence of radiation exposure as well as the source of irradiation on the morphological and clinical presentations of tumours.

Design And Patients: The clinical and pathological features of 1086 young patients (age range=4 to 18 inclusive, followed up for ≥18years) with papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed during the years 1990 to 2010 were reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups: "external radiation-related", "post-Chernobyl" (internal irradiation-related) and "sporadic".

Initial presentation and late results of treatment of post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents of Belarus.

Background: The aim of this population-based study was to evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics and outcome of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) that have arisen in the Belarusian childhood population exposed to the radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl accident within a long-term period.

Patients And Methods: The long-term treatment results were investigated in 1078 children and adolescents (<19 years old) with PTC who were surgically treated during the years 1990 through 2005.

Results: Patients had high rates of metastatic PTC at presentation, with 73.

Clinical and pathologic features of "sporadic" papillary thyroid carcinoma registered in the years 2005 to 2008 in children and adolescents of Belarus.

Background: A systematic analysis of the clinical and pathologic patterns of childhood "sporadic" thyroid carcinoma in Belarus, in the absence of the "Chernobyl radioactive iodine factor," has never been performed. The aim of this study was to establish the essential features of "sporadic" papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in Belarusian children and adolescents, and the relationship of tumor pathology to extrathyroidal extension (ETE) and lymph node metastases.

Methods: This was a retrospective population-based study with assessment of histological samples of 119 cases of thyroid cancer in Belarusian children and adolescents of 0-18 years old registered during 2005-2008 years.

Computer-aided Image Processing of Angiogenic Histological.

Unlabelled: This article reviews the questions regarding the image evaluation of angiogeneic histological samples, particularly the ovarian epithelial cancer. Review is focused on the principles of image analysis in the field of histology and pathology. The definition, classification, pathogenesis and angiogenesis regulation in the ovaries are also briefly discussed.