Dolutegravir-based regimens in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced aging populations: analyses of 6 phase III clinical trials.

Older adults living with HIV (OALWH) are a growing population facing unique challenges to successful antiretroviral therapy. To assess efficacy and safety profiles of antiretroviral regimens, including those containing dolutegravir, in OALWH. Combined data from 6 phase III/IIIb trials in treatment-naive (ARIA, FLAMINGO, SINGLE, SPRING-2;  = 2634) and treatment-experienced (DAWNING, SAILING;  = 1339) participants receiving dolutegravir- or non-dolutegravir-based regimens were analyzed by age (<50, ≥50 to <65, and ≥65 years).

Distribution of HPV genotypes in cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer in Tanzanian women.

Background: Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with uterine cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cancers (ICC). Approximately 80% of ICC cases are diagnosed in under-developed countries. Vaccine development relies on knowledge of HPV genotypes characteristic of LSIL, HSIL and cancer; however, these genotypes remain poorly characterized in many African countries.

The effect of raltegravir on the glucuronidation of lamotrigine.

The authors studied the effect of raltegravir on the pharmacokinetics of the antiepileptic agent lamotrigine. Twelve healthy volunteers (group A) received 400 mg raltegravir twice daily from days 1 to 5. On day 4, a single dose of 100 mg lamotrigine was administered.

Reduction and enhancement of Plasmodium falciparum transmission by endemic human sera.

Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum from man to mosquito can be affected by human sera. Whereas serum-dependent reduction of transmission has been shown to be reproducible, there is limited evidence for enhancement of transmission. We aimed to assess the prevalence and reproducibility of transmission enhancement (TE) by human sera from different geographic areas (n = 642), in comparison with the capacity for transmission reduction (TR).

Rapid onset of transmission-reducing antibodies in javanese migrants exposed to malaria in papua, indonesia.

Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is initiated by sexual stages in the mosquito. Anti-Pfs48/45 and anti-Pfs230 sexual stage antibodies that are ingested together with parasites can reduce parasite development and subsequently malaria transmission. Acquisition of sexual stage immunity was studied in a cohort of 102 non-immune Javanese individuals migrating to hyperendemic Papua Indonesia.

Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in urban Yaoundé, Cameroon, is seasonal and age-dependent.

Data on malaria transmission intensity and prevalences of asexual parasites and of gametocytes were obtained in an urban district of Yaoundé, Cameroon. The transmission level from mosquito to human was determined by indoor night capture of mosquitoes on human volunteers, revealing a calculated entomological inoculation rate of 34 infectious bites per person per year. Only Anopheles gambiae and A.