Transcriptomics and cell painting analysis reveals molecular and morphological features associated with fed-batch production performance in CHO recombinant clones.

Stable, highly productive mammalian cells are critical for manufacturing affordable and effective biological medicines. Establishing a rational design of optimal biotherapeutic expression systems requires understanding how cells support the high demand for efficient biologics production. To that end, we performed transcriptomics and high-throughput imaging studies to identify putative genes and morphological features that underpin differences in antibody productivity among clones from a Chinese hamster ovary cell line.

Natural and Designed Proteins Inspired by Extremotolerant Organisms Can Form Condensates and Attenuate Apoptosis in Human Cells.

Many organisms can survive extreme conditions and successfully recover to normal life. This extremotolerant behavior has been attributed in part to repetitive, amphipathic, and intrinsically disordered proteins that are upregulated in the protected state. Here, we assemble a library of approximately 300 naturally occurring and designed extremotolerance-associated proteins to assess their ability to protect human cells from chemically induced apoptosis.

Red blood cells contain enzymatically active GPx4 whose abundance anticorrelates with hemolysis during blood bank storage.

The antioxidant function of the phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPx4) is vital for the homeostasis of many cell types, from neoplastic cells to normal erythroid precursors. However, some functional proteins in erythroid precursors are lost during the development of red blood cells (RBCs); whether GPx4 is maintained as an active enzyme in mature RBCs has remained unclear. Our meta-analyses of existing RBC proteomics and metabolomics studies revealed the abundance of GPx4 to be correlated with lipid-anchored proteins.

Corrigendum: Physiology of Highly Radioresistant After Experimental Evolution for 100 Cycles of Selection.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.

Physiology of Highly Radioresistant After Experimental Evolution for 100 Cycles of Selection.

Ionizing radiation (IR) is lethal to most organisms at high doses, damaging every cellular macromolecule via induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Utilizing experimental evolution and continuing previous work, we have generated the most IR-resistant populations developed to date. After 100 cycles of selection, the dose required to kill 99% the four replicate populations (IR9-100, IR10-100, IR11-100, and IR12-100) has increased from 750 Gy to approximately 3,000 Gy.

Pathogenic Bi-allelic Mutations in NDUFAF8 Cause Leigh Syndrome with an Isolated Complex I Deficiency.

Leigh syndrome is one of the most common neurological phenotypes observed in pediatric mitochondrial disease presentations. It is characterized by symmetrical lesions found on neuroimaging in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and brainstem and by a loss of motor skills and delayed developmental milestones. Genetic diagnosis of Leigh syndrome is complicated on account of the vast genetic heterogeneity with >75 candidate disease-associated genes having been reported to date.

Identification of Neuronal Lineages in the Drosophila Peripheral Nervous System with a "Digital" Multi-spectral Lineage Tracing System.

Elucidating cell lineages provides crucial understanding of development. Recently developed sequencing-based techniques enhance the scale of lineage tracing but eliminate the spatial information offered by conventional approaches. Multi-spectral labeling techniques, such as Brainbow, have the potential to identify lineage-related cells in situ.

Multi-omic Mitoprotease Profiling Defines a Role for Oct1p in Coenzyme Q Production.

Mitoproteases are becoming recognized as key regulators of diverse mitochondrial functions, although their direct substrates are often difficult to discern. Through multi-omic profiling of diverse Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitoprotease deletion strains, we predicted numerous associations between mitoproteases and distinct mitochondrial processes. These include a strong association between the mitochondrial matrix octapeptidase Oct1p and coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis-a pathway essential for mitochondrial respiration.

Mitochondrial protein functions elucidated by multi-omic mass spectrometry profiling.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with many human diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration, that are often linked to proteins and pathways that are not well-characterized. To begin defining the functions of such poorly characterized proteins, we used mass spectrometry to map the proteomes, lipidomes, and metabolomes of 174 yeast strains, each lacking a single gene related to mitochondrial biology. 144 of these genes have human homologs, 60 of which are associated with disease and 39 of which are uncharacterized.