Incidence and clinical characterisation of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusions in Basset Hounds compared with Dachshunds.

Background: The Basset Hound is the largest chondrodystrophic breed predisposed to thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (TL-IVDE). However, literature describing this particular breed in terms of incidence, signalment, anatomical location, clinical severity and short-term outcome of TL-IVDE is lacking.

Methods: The medical histories of Dachshunds and Basset Hounds presenting to three neurology departments were retrospectively assessed.

Case report: Immune remission from generalized myasthenia gravis in a dog with a thymoma and cholangiocellular carcinoma.

A 9-year-old male neutered Cockapoo was presented with an acute and progressive history of exercise induced weakness involving all limbs, and bilateral decreased ability to blink. Investigations revealed generalized myasthenia gravis alongside the presence of a thymoma and a cholangiocellular carcinoma. Symptomatic treatment through pyridostigmine bromide was used to control clinical signs, and complete surgical removal of the thymoma and cholangiocellular carcinoma was performed.

Computed tomography features of discospondylitis in dogs.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) findings of dogs with discospondylitis have not been widely described despite increased availability of this imaging modality.

Objectives: Describe the CT features of discospondylitis in a population of clinically affected dogs with discospondylitis diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Animals: Forty-one dogs (63 affected discs) with MRI-identified discospondylitis presented to a single referral hospital between 2012 and 2022.

Clinical features, treatment and outcome of discospondylitis in cats.

Objectives: There is a paucity of information on feline discospondylitis. This study aimed to describe the signalment, clinical and laboratory findings, aetiological agents, treatment and outcome in cats affected by discospondylitis.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of cats diagnosed with discospondylitis at four referral institutions.

Assessing the Educational Value of a Zoo Placement for Veterinary Students: A Report on Student Feedback and Perceptions.

Zoological medicine is an expanding field with limited practical training opportunities for veterinary students. Those training programs that do exist require significant financial and resource investment by both veterinary schools and the zoological organizations involved. This article summarizes the findings of a retrospective survey of students carried out to ascertain the educational value of a compulsory 5-day-long zoo clinical placement for final-year veterinary students.

Association of magnetic resonance assessed disc degeneration and late clinical recurrence in dogs treated surgically for thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusions.

Background: Radiographic signs of intervertebral disc mineralization are thought to indicate sites of future recurrence of disc extrusion (Hansen type I) but the relationship between evidence of disc degeneration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and future disc extrusion with recurrence of clinical signs has not been examined.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between MRI-assessed degeneration of thoracolumbar intervertebral discs and late recurrence of clinical signs in dogs presented with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion and treated by hemilaminectomy alone.

Animals: Ninety-two client-owned dogs presented to 2 referral hospitals between 2009 and 2014.

Cytosine arabinoside constant rate infusion without subsequent subcutaneous injections for the treatment of dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin.

Background: The administration of cytosine arabinoside (CA) by continuous rate infusion (CRI) at the time of diagnosis has been shown to improve the 3-month survival of dogs diagnosed with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (MUO), compared to subcutaneous administration. The benefit of administering subsequent sequential CA subcutaneous injections is unknown. This study compares the outcomes of a CA CRI protocol with (CRI+subcutaneous group) or without (CRI group) follow-up CA subcutaneous injections; both groups received adjunctive prednisolone.

Classification of myasthenia gravis and congenital myasthenic syndromes in dogs and cats.

Myasthenia, a syndrome of impaired neuromuscular transmission, occurs as either an acquired or congenital condition. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an acquired autoimmune disorder with autoantibodies against the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) of skeletal muscle whereas congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are a clinically heterogeneous group of genetic disorders affecting the NMJ with a young age of onset. Both conditions are diseases for which recognition is important with regard to treatment and outcome.

Traumatic rib head subluxation through the intervertebral foramen causing spinal cord contusive injury in a cat.

Case Summary: A 4-year-old cat involved in a road traffic accident presented with paraparesis, which was worse on the right-hand side. Neurolocalisation was to the T3-L3 spinal cord segments. Survey radiographs showed rib fractures but no definitive diagnosis for the paraparesis.

Long-term outcome of cats with acquired myasthenia gravis without evidence of a cranial mediastinal mass.

Background: Acquired myasthenia gravis (AMG) is increasingly recognized in cats, yet information regarding the natural history of the disease, treatment, and outcome including occurrence of immune and spontaneous remission remains limited.

Objective: To determine the long-term outcome of cats with AMG without evidence of a cranial mediastinal mass (CMM).

Animals: Eight cats diagnosed with AMG without evidence of a CMM.

Imaging features of discospondylitis in cats.

Objectives: This study describes the imaging features of feline discospondylitis on MRI, comparing them with CT and radiographic findings where available.

Methods: The medical records of cats diagnosed with discospondylitis, presented to three referring institutions, were reviewed. MRI, CT and radiographic features were assessed by two of the authors independently.

Linear magnetic resonance imaging measurements of the hippocampal formation differ in young versus old dogs.

Age-related hippocampal formation (HF) atrophy has been documented on MRI studies using volumetric analysis and visual rating scales.This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to compare linear MRI measurements of the HF between young (1-3 years) and old (>10 years) non-brachycephalic dogs, with normal brain anatomy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Right and left hippocampal formation height (HFH), height of the brain (HB) and mean HFH/HB ratio were measured by two observers on a transverse T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence containing rostral colliculi and mesencephalic aqueduct.

Long-term outcome following lateral foraminotomy as treatment for canine degenerative lumbosacral stenosis.

Lateral foraminotomy has been described as an effective surgical treatment for foraminal stenosis in the treatment of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS) in dogs. Clinical records were reviewed from 45 dogs which had undergone lateral foraminotomy at the lumbosacral junction either alone or in combination with decompressive midline dorsal laminectomy. Short-term outcome at six weeks was assessed by the surgeon to be good (11.

MRI features of CNS lymphoma in dogs and cats.

The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of central nervous system lymphoma in eight dogs and four cats are described. Intracranial lesions affected the rostrotentorial structures in six dogs and caudotentorial structures in two cats. Lesions affected the spinal cord in two dogs and in two cats.