A Study of Occupational Radiation Dosimetry During Fluoroscopically Guided Simulated Urological Surgery in the Lithotomy Position.

Objective: To quantify through environmental audit the radiation dose that urologists receive during surgery in the lithotomy position, and to quantify the dose reduction achieved by altering exposure techniques and personal protective equipment use.

Materials And Methods: Simulated surgery in the lithotomy position using an anthropomorphic phantom as a patient and a SimMan mannequin as the surgeon. Pulsed fluoroscopy, focus-to-skin distance (FSD), collimation, and addition of a lead shield at the table end were individually and collectively introduced after a control study.

Close up on remote interviews.

Embrace it or shy away from it, the march of technology moves onwards relentlessly. Job interviews, often seen as the most human part of the recruitment process, are increasingly moving to video conference or services such as Skype or FaceTime, especially for a first interview.

Grow your own success.

Each person's career is an individual journey. The decisions you have made since you were young about what to study, which job to go into and how you perform your role are highly idiosyncratic.

Adaptation and antibiotic tolerance of anaerobic Burkholderia pseudomallei.

The Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is the etiological agent of melioidosis and is remarkably resistant to most classes of antibacterials. Even after months of treatment with antibacterials that are relatively effective in vitro, there is a high rate of treatment failure, indicating that this pathogen alters its patterns of antibacterial susceptibility in response to cues encountered in the host. The pathology of melioidosis indicates that B.

Identification of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain with stable, low-level resistance to isoniazid.

We have identified a potential quality control strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to monitor isoniazid susceptibility testing. This strain (strain A) has a stable phenotypic low-level resistance to isoniazid, has a mutation of C (-15) --> T in the inhA promoter region, and gave consistent susceptibility test results in 141 laboratories.