Dynamical forces drive organ morphology changes during embryonic development.

Organs and tissues must change shape in precise ways during embryonic development to execute their functions. Multiple mechanisms including biochemical signaling pathways and biophysical forces help drive these morphology changes, but it has been difficult to tease apart their contributions, especially from tissue-scale dynamic forces that are typically ignored. We use a combination of mathematical models and experiments to study a simple organ in the zebrafish embryo called Kupffer's vesicle.

Alternative processing of the U2 small nuclear RNA produces a 19-22nt fragment with relevance for the detection of non-small cell lung cancer in human serum.

RNU2 exists in two functional forms (RNU2-1 and RNU2-2) distinguishable by the presence of a unique 4-bases motif. Detailed investigation of datasets obtained from deep sequencing of five human lung primary tumors revealed that both forms express at a high rate a 19-22nt fragment (miR-U2-1 and -2) from its 3' region and contains the 4-bases motif. Deep sequencing of independent pools of serum samples from healthy donors and lung cancer patients revealed that miR-U2-1 and -2 are pervasively processed in lung tissue by means of endonucleolytic cleavages and stably exported to the blood.

A health and wellness intervention for those with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of a standardized 12-week health and wellness group intervention for those with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Participants: Seventy-four individuals with moderate to severe TBI recruited from the outpatient program at a rehabilitation hospital, a Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the community.

Phenotypic susceptibility to didanosine is associated with antiviral activity in treatment-experienced patients with HIV-1 infection.

Objective: We investigated the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) phenotypic susceptibility to didanosine and the antiviral activity of didanosine (ddI) in the JAGUAR study.

Methods: Baseline plasma HIV phenotypic susceptibility to ddI was assessed using a phenotype assay of patients randomized to receive ddI or placebo for 4 weeks in addition to their current regimen. Phenotypic susceptibility scores (PSSs) were then calculated for each sample.