Caregiver-reported household food insecurity and child-reported food insecurity in relation to eating disorder risk factors and symptoms among preadolescent children.

Objective: To examine the relation of caregiver-reported household food insecurity (FI) and child-reported FI with eating disorder (ED) risk factors and symptoms, including effect modification by gender, in preadolescent children.

Method: Data were from the Family Food Study, a cross-sectional study of households with incomes ≤200% of the federal poverty line in southeastern Michigan. Children aged 8-10 years (n = 194) and their female primary caregivers reported separately on FI status.

Greater social adversity is associated with more disordered eating attitudes and behaviors among children from Southeast Michigan.

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the association between indicators of social adversity, including socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity, and children's disordered eating behaviors and attitudes.

Methods: Children ages 8-10 years old (n = 183) were recruited from Michigan. Data were collected through in-home surveys.

Effects of Amphiphilic Polypeptoid Side Chains on Polymer Surface Chemistry and Hydrophilicity.

Polymers are commonly used in applications that require long-term exposure to water and aqueous mixtures, serving as water purification membranes, marine antifouling coatings, and medical implants, among many other applications. Because polymer surfaces restructure in response to the surrounding environment, characterization is crucial for providing an accurate understanding of the surface chemistry under conditions of use. To investigate the effects of surface-active side chains on polymer surface chemistry and resultant interactions with interfacial water (i.

Food insecurity and its associations with bulimic-spectrum eating disorders, mood disorders, and anxiety disorders in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.

Purpose: To examine cross-sectional associations between food insecurity and 12-month eating disorders, mood disorders, and anxiety disorders among U.S. adults.

Students with Food Insecurity Are More Likely to Screen Positive for an Eating Disorder at a Large, Public University in the Midwest.

Background: College students experience a disproportionately high prevalence of both food insecurity and eating disorders. Food insecurity is associated with stress, irregular eating patterns, weight change, depression, and body dissatisfaction, making it a possible risk factor for the onset of eating disorders. However, the association between food insecurity and eating disorders among college students is not well understood.

Thromboresistance of Silicones Modified with PEO-Silane Amphiphiles.

The antifouling properties of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-silane amphiphiles as surface-modifying additives (SMAs) in a condensation cure silicone have been previously demonstrated against simple protein solutions. Comprising an oligo(dimethylsiloxane) tether ( = 13 or 30) and PEO segment ( = 8), sustained protein resistance was achieved even in the absence of a cross-linkable triethoxysilane group, particularly when comprising the longer tether. To probe their potential for thromboresistance, PEO-silane amphiphile SMAs were used to bulk-modify silicones and evaluated for adhesion resistance against whole human blood under both static and dynamic conditions.

Parental perceptions of actual and ideal body weight in early childhood prospectively predict adolescent perceptions of actual and ideal body weight among a low-income population.

Purpose: To examine the longitudinal associations between parental perceptions of their child's actual weight (PPCA = parental perception of child's actual) and ideal weight (PPCI = parental perception of child ideal) in early childhood and the child's own perceptions of their actual weight (APA = adolescent perceived actual) and ideal weight (API = adolescent perceived ideal) during early adolescence among a low-income population.

Methods: Using a longitudinal study design, 136 child/parent pairs were asked to assess the child's actual and ideal weight using figure rating scales. When children were 4-7 years old, parents reported on their perception of their child's weight; when children were 10-12 years old, the child reported on their own weight perceptions.

Weight bias among public health trainees.

Objective: To explore explicit beliefs about the controllability of obesity and the internalisation of negative weight-related stereotypes among public health trainees.

Design: Cross-sectional online survey assessing explicit beliefs about the controllability of obesity using the Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) and internalisation of weight bias using the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M). Bivariate associations between BAOP and WBIS-M scores and demographic characteristics were examined using t tests or ANOVA with post hoc Tukey's tests.

End-to-End Distance Probability Distributions of Dilute Poly(ethylene oxide) in Aqueous Solution.

We introduce a powerful, widely applicable approach to characterizing polymer conformational distributions, specifically the end-to-end distance distributions, (), accessed through double electron-electron resonance (DEER) spectroscopy in conjunction with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The technique is demonstrated on one of the most widely used synthetic, disordered, water-soluble polymers: poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). Despite its widespread importance, no systematic experimental characterization of PEO's conformational landscape exists.

Water Structure and Properties at Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces.

The properties of water on both molecular and macroscopic surfaces critically influence a wide range of physical behaviors, with applications spanning from membrane science to catalysis to protein engineering. Yet, our current understanding of water interfacing molecular and material surfaces is incomplete, in part because measurement of water structure and molecular-scale properties challenges even the most advanced experimental characterization techniques and computational approaches. This review highlights progress in the ongoing development of tools working to answer fundamental questions on the principles that govern the interactions between water and surfaces.

Adolescent stress: A predictor of dieting behaviors in youth with overweight/obesity.

Objective: To examine associations between psychological stress and dieting behavior along with the heterogeneity of this association by gender and race in a diverse sample of adolescents with overweight/obesity.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-one adolescents between the ages of 13-19 years of age with overweight/obesity (65% female; 53% non-Hispanic black/47% non-Hispanic white; age: 16.7 ± 1.

Associations between Food Security Status and Diet-Related Outcomes among Students at a Large, Public Midwestern University.

Background: Food insecurity is a growing issue of concern on college campuses. While many studies have focused on predictors of food insecurity, fewer studies have examined how food insecurity affects diet and diet-related outcomes among college students.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine differences in dietary intake, food and cooking agency, and body mass index (calculated as kg/m) by food security status in a sample of college students at a large, public midwestern university.

Antifouling amphiphilic silicone coatings for dairy fouling mitigation on stainless steel.

Pasteurization of dairy products is plagued by fouling, which induces significant economic, environmental and microbiological safety concerns. Herein, an amphiphilic silicone coating was evaluated for its efficacy against fouling by a model dairy fluid in a pilot pasteurizer and against foodborne bacterial adhesion. The coating was formed by modifying an RTV silicone with a PEO-silane amphiphile comprised of a PEO segment and flexible siloxane tether ([(EtO)Si-(CH)-oligodimethylsiloxane-block-(OCHCH)-OCH]).

Antifouling silicones based on surface-modifying additive amphiphiles.

Surface modifying additives (SMAs), which may be readily blended into silicones to improve anti-fouling behavior, must have excellent surface migration potential and must not leach into the aqueous environment. In this work, we evaluated the efficacy of a series of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based SMA amphiphiles which varied in terms of crosslinkability, siloxane tether length (m) and diblock versus triblock architectures. Specifically, crosslinkable, diblock PEO-silane amphiphiles with two oligodimethylsiloxane (ODMS) tether lengths [(EtO)Si-(CH)-ODMS -PEO, = 13 and 30] were compared to analogous non-crosslinkable, diblock (H-Si-ODMS -PEO) and triblock (PEO-ODMS -PEO) SMAs.

Protein resistance efficacy of PEO-silane amphiphiles: Dependence on PEO-segment length and concentration.

Unlabelled: In contrast to modification with conventional PEO-silanes (i.e. no siloxane tether), silicones with dramatically enhanced protein resistance have been previously achieved via bulk-modification with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-silane amphiphiles α-(EtO)3Si(CH2)2-oligodimethylsiloxane13-block-PEOn-OCH3 when n=8 and 16 but not when n=3.

Advances in Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a degenerative bone disease commonly related to aging. With an increase in life expectancies worldwide, the prevalence of the disease is expected to rise. Current clinical therapeutic treatments are not able to offer long-term solutions to counter the bone mass loss and the increased risk of fractures, which are the primary characteristics of the disease.