The type of the functional cardiovascular response to upright posture is associated with arterial stiffness: a cross-sectional study in 470 volunteers.

Background: In a cross-sectional study we examined whether the haemodynamic response to upright posture could be divided into different functional phenotypes, and whether the observed phenotypes were associated with known determinants of cardiovascular risk.

Methods: Volunteers (n = 470) without medication with cardiovascular effects were examined using radial pulse wave analysis, whole-body impedance cardiography, and heart rate variability analysis. Based on the passive head-up tilt induced changes in systemic vascular resistance and cardiac output, the principal determinants of blood pressure, a cluster analysis was performed.

Daily liquorice consumption for two weeks increases augmentation index and central systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Background: Liquorice ingestion often elevates blood pressure, but the detailed haemodynamic alterations are unknown. We studied haemodynamic changes induced by liquorice consumption in 20 subjects versus 30 controls with average blood pressures of 120/68 and 116/64 mmHg, respectively.

Methods: Haemodynamic variables were measured in supine position before and after two weeks of liquorice consumption (daily glycyrrhizin dose 290-370 mg) with tonometric recording of radial blood pressure, pulse wave analysis, and whole-body impedance cardiography.

Association of resting heart rate with cardiovascular function: a cross-sectional study in 522 Finnish subjects.

Background: High resting heart rate (HR) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in general populations, possibly due to elevated blood pressure (BP) or sympathetic over-activity. We studied the association of resting HR with cardiovascular function, and examined whether the hemodynamics remained similar during passive head-up tilt.

Methods: Hemodynamics were recorded using whole-body impedance cardiography and continuous radial pulse wave analysis in 522 subjects (age 20-72 years, 261 males) without medication influencing HR or BP, or diagnosed diabetes, coronary artery, renal, peripheral arterial, or cerebrovascular disease.

Metabolic syndrome may be associated with increased arterial stiffness even in the absence of hypertension: a study in 84 cases and 82 controls.

Objective: To evaluate the hemodynamic characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the absence and presence of hypertension.

Materials/methods: Altogether 166 subjects without previously diagnosed cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or antihypertensive medication, were allocated to four groups: control, hypertension only, MetS without hypertension, and MetS with hypertension (mean age 44-46 years). Cut-point for hypertension was blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg.

Hemodynamic alterations in hypertensive patients at rest and during passive head-up tilt.

Objective: Hypertension is characterized by increased vascular resistance and arterial stiffness, but information about upright hemodynamics is scarce. We compared hemodynamics in hypertensive versus normotensive patients at rest and during passive head-up tilt.

Methods: Volunteers (n = 387, 19-72 years) without antihypertensive medication were recorded using continuous tonometric pulse wave analysis and whole-body impedance cardiography.

Supine and upright haemodynamic effects of sublingual nitroglycerin and inhaled salbutamol: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study.

Objectives: Pulse wave analysis is widely applied to measure the haemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin and salbutamol as an endothelium-independent and endothelium-dependent vasodilator, respectively. The recordings are usually performed in supine position from 10 to 20 successive heartbeats without simultaneous measurement of vascular resistance and cardiac function. Our objective was to examine the effects of nitroglycerin and salbutamol on central haemodynamics, arterial stiffness, cardiac function, and vascular resistance in supine and upright positions.

Reduced systemic vascular resistance in healthy volunteers with presyncopal symptoms during a nitrate-stimulated tilt-table test.

What Is Already Known About This Subject: Nitrates may facilitate syncope through various pathways, but the precise mechanism of nitrate-induced syncope is still under debate. The purpose of the present study was to compare the underlying haemodynamic mechanisms in subjects without and with presyncopal symptoms during a nitroglycerin-stimulated tilt-table test.

What This Study Adds: A major decrease in systemic vascular resistance was documented in subjects with presyncope during 0.

Non-invasive measurement of the haemodynamic effects of inhaled salbutamol, intravenous L-arginine and sublingual nitroglycerin.

Aims: To examine the effects of salbutamol and L-arginine, two compounds acting largely on the endothelium, and the endothelium-independent agent nitroglycerin on blood pressure, arterial compliance, cardiac function and vascular resistance.

Methods: Continuous radial pulse wave analysis, whole-body impedance cardiography, and plethysmographic blood pressure from fingers in the supine position and during head-up tilt were recorded in nine healthy subjects. Data were captured before and after L-arginine (10 mg mg(-1) min(-1)) or saline infusion, salbutamol (400 microg) or placebo inhalation, and sublingual nitroglycerin (0.

Ageing and cardiovascular responses to head-up tilt in healthy subjects.

Objective: Ageing is associated with increased postural blood pressure changes and attenuated cardiovascular reactivity. As the background of these changes remains uncertain, we examined arterial stiffness, cardiac function and vascular resistance in healthy subjects in supine position and during orthostatic challenge.

Methods: Haemodynamics of 179 normotensive subjects (109 female and 70 male, 21-59 years) were examined using continuous radial pulse wave analysis, whole-body impedance cardiography, and plethysmographic finger blood pressures.

Analysis of cardiovascular responses to passive head-up tilt using continuous pulse wave analysis and impedance cardiography.

Objective: To non-invasively measure central haemodynamics, arterial stiffness, cardiac function and vascular resistance, with the subject in the supine position and during head-up tilt, in order to examine the haemodynamic changes associated with alterations in the augmentation index, and to investigate repeatability and reproducibility of the measurement protocol.

Material And Methods: Thirty-three healthy volunteers (21-51 years) were investigated using continuous pulse wave analysis from the radial artery with a tonometric sensor, whole-body impedance cardiography and plethysmographic blood pressure (BP) recordings from the fingers. The measurements were performed with the subject supine and during passive head-up tilt, and repeated during the same session and on four separate days.