Management of wastewater in rural districts of Istanbul metropolitan municipality.

Decentralized systems play a big role in wastewater treatment in rural areas. The aims of this study are to address the wastewater treatment and disposal problems for rural districts of Istanbul, to discuss the efficiencies of currently operated systems and to offer new appropriate wastewater treatment systems for small communities having a population up to 5,000. The management and final disposal alternatives for sludge generated in septic tanks are also discussed within the scope of this study.