Some critical aspects of FT-IR, TGA, powder XRD, EDAX and SEM studies of calcium oxalate urinary calculi.

Urinary calculi constitute one of the oldest afflictions of humans as well as animals, which are occurring globally. The calculi vary in shape, size and composition, which influence their clinical course. They are usually of the mixed-type with varying percentages of the ingredients.

(E)-N'-{7-Meth-oxy-spiro-[chromeno[4,3-d]thia-zole-4,1'-cyclo-hexa-n]-2-yl}-N,N-dimethyl-acetimidamide.

In the chromenothia-zole ring system of the title mol-ecule, C(20)H(25)N(3)O(2)S, the pyran ring is in a half-chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the thia-zole and benzene rings is 14.78 (6)°.

Inhibition of the growth of urinary calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate crystals with aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris and Bergenia ligulata.

Urinary type calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CHPD) or Brushite crystals were grown by the single diffusion gel technique in silica hydro-gels. The gel framework acts as a three dimensional crucible in which the crystal nuclei are delicately held in the position of their formation and nutrients are supplied for their growth. This technique can be utilized as a simplified screening model to study the growth and dissolution of urinary stones in vitro.