Numerical profile correction of microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy measurements of the electron density in low-pressure discharges.

Low-temperature plasmas are widely studied in laboratory environments and form the backbone of many industrial processes. Highly energized electrons enable processes such as ionization, dissociation, and plasma chemical reactions, while the heavy species, such as neutral gas atoms and molecules, remain near room temperature. Hence, understanding the electron dynamics is crucial to the control and optimization of plasmas and their applications.

Theoretical characterization of an atmospheric pressure glow discharge used for analytical spectrometry.

We have investigated the plasma processes in an atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) in He used for analytical spectrometry by means of fluid and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Typical results include the potential and electric field distributions in the plasma, the density profiles of the various plasma species throughout the discharge, the mean electron energy, as well as the rates of the various collision processes in the plasma, and the relative importance of the different production and loss rates for the various species. The similarities and differences with low-pressure glow discharges are discussed.

Lupus-specific kidney deposits of HSP90 are associated with altered IgG idiotypic interactions of anti-HSP90 autoantibodies.

Previous studies have shown that autoantibodies to heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) are elevated in a significant proportion of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who are more likely to have renal disease and a low C3 level. Using samples from 24 patients, we searched for glomerular deposits of HSP90 in renal biopsy specimens from seven patients with lupus nephritis and 17 cases of glomerulonephritis from patients without SLE. Positive glomerular immunofluorescent staining for HSP90 was observed in six of seven cases of SLE and positive tubular staining in two of seven SLE patients.

Prevalence of IgM-, IgA- and IgG-rheumatoid factors in seronegative polyarticular disease compared to pauciarticular disease in juvenile chronic arthritis as measured by ELISA.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of the rheumatoid factor isotypes measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in polyarticular and pauciarticular juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA), and evaluate the diagnostic test qualities.

Patients And Methods: 53 patients with JCA (20 with seronegative polyarticular disease at onset, 21 with pauciarticular onset and course of disease and 12 with extended pauciarticular disease), as well as 125 control children (58 healthy controls and 67 patients with other diseases) were tested. ELISA for the detection of IgM-, IgA- and IgG-isotypes of RFs was used.

Autoimmune thyroid disorders in juvenile chronic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

The appearance of autoimmune thyroiditis in the course of other autoimmune diseases, which do not affect specific organs (systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis and others), is more frequent than is usually believed. Nevertheless, it is scarcely studied, especially in children. The purpose of this study was to look for autoimmune lesions of the thyroid gland in children suffering from juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Binding of phenylbutazone to human serum albumin. Characterization and identification of binding sites.

The quantitative parameters characterizing the binding of phenylbutazone (CAS 50-33-9) to human serum albumin are determined using the circular dichroism titration method and a combined mathematical approach. The values of affinity constants obtained are in good agreement with those found in the literature. The characterization and identification of binding sites is also performed.

Modelling of indometacin and diclofenac sodium binding to the molecule of human serum albumin.

Modelling of the binding of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, indometacin (CAS 53-86-1) and diclofenac sodium (CAS 15307-79-6) to the molecule of human serum albumin is presented. The models are based on the data obtained using difference spectroscopic technique. Speculations were made concerning the structural properties of the drugs and albumin molecules as well as the type of chemical interactions taking part in the drug-albumin binding.

Binding of ketoprofen to human serum albumin studied by circular dichroism.

The protein binding of ketoprofen has been studied using circular dichroism titration method as well as the new algorithm proposed by the authors for the treatment of data obtained. The quantitative parameters association constants (k) and number of binding sites (N) have been determined. It is proved that the protein binding of Ketoprofen is going through separate stages and the number of binding sites probably arises.

Comparative effects of the anticholinesterase drug galanthamine on the mechanical activity of isolated rat jejunum and ileum.

1. The effects of cumulatively applied galanthamine hydrobromide (0.1-300 microM) on the mechanical activity of isolated proximal jejunum and distal ileum were studied.

Gastrointestinal loss of galanthamine hydrobromide in rats in-situ.

The disappearance kinetics of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galanthamine hydrobromide from the gastrointestinal tract of male Wistar rats, 200-250 g, in-situ has been examined. After 30 min the galanthamine loss was 16% in the stomach (pH 2), 54-85% in the duodenum and the successive small intestinal segments (pH 6.8), 43% in the colon and 76% in the rectum.

Pharmacokinetics of galanthamine hydrobromide after single subcutaneous and oral dosage in humans.

Galanthamine hydrobromide (Nivalin, dose 10 mg) was given subcutaneously and orally to 8 volunteers. Galanthamine and its metabolites were quantified in plasma and urine by reversed-phase HPLC. An unusual two-stage absorption and biexponential drug decline were observed.

Pharmacokinetics of vephylline--a new N-substituted theophylline derivative.

Vephylline (7,2-bis-2-hydroxyethylamino-1, 3-dimethylxanthine tartarate) is a xanthine derivative with high bronchodilating activity, low toxicity, and weak effects on the central nervous system. The aim of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of vephylline after intravenous and oral (in solution and in tablets) administration to rabbits. Vephylline (dose 50 mg/kg b.

In vitro metabolism of galanthamine hydrobromide (Nivalin) by rat and rabbit liver homogenate.

The metabolism of galanthamine hydrobromide (Nivalin) was investigated in rat and rabbit liver homogenates. Experiments were carried out varying several parameters of incubation: substrate (galanthamine hydrobromide, galanthamine, galanthaminone and epigalanthamine), cofactor enrichment (NADPH, NADP/G-6-P, NAD), pH (7.4 and 9.

Pharmacokinetics of galanthamine hydrobromide (Nivalin) following single intravenous and oral administration in rats.

A study on galanthamine hydrobromide (Nivalin) pharmacokinetics was carried out on male Wistar rats following single intravenous and oral administration. Plasma samples were collected after decapitation of the animals. The drug concentrations were determined spectrophotofluorometrically.

Modeling of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior of nivalin in anaesthetized cats.

The pharmacokinetic behaviour of nivalin (galanthamine hydrobromide) and its effect on the contractile response of electrically stimulated m. tibialis anterior were simultaneously studied after an i.v.

Correlations between the pharmacological effects and the pharmacokinetic behaviour of tetraminol.

Tetraminol (trans-2-hydroxyethylamino-3-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalene hydrochloride) is a newly synthesized antihypotensive agent. Its pressor activity is accompanied by a compensatory slowing down of heart rate. Changes in plasma levels after intravenous administration of 1 and 2 mg/kg b.

Quantum mechanical conformational analysis of heterocyclic analogues of norephedrine.

Studies on the conformation of several structural analogues of norephedrine, thiophene, carbazole and furan, were carried out using the differential PCILO method. The erythro-forms of these compounds possess minima on the conformation map corresponding to a gauche conformation with synclinal H-atoms. This result is in good agreement with the proton-proton coupling constants found in previous NMR-studies.

An ab initio study of electronic factors in metabolic hydroxylation of aliphatic carbon atoms.

The monooxygenase-mediated hydroxylations of aliphatic carbon atoms are known to be regioselective for positions alpha to heteroatoms or to pi systems (aromatic rings, carbon-carbon double bonds, carbonyl groups). Ab initio calculations (STO-3G and in some cases 4-31G) were performed on model molecules, indicating that the Mulliken overlap populations (taken as indices of electron bond densities) of Calpha-H bonds being regioselectively hydroxylated are larger than Cbeta-H and Cgamma-H overlap populations. These results support the hypothesis that metabolic C-hydroxylations occur by insertion of an activated oxygen species of electrophilic nature, probably oxene.

Release of highly soluble substances from inert matrices in cases of two-sided attack of the solvent.

The present work is an extension of some of our earlier investigations on the release of soluble substances in inert matrices. There have been described the cases of two-sided attack on the inert matrices (PVC and PE) by the solvent. The theoretical considerations of the cases for the two-sided attack were experimentally confirmed.