[Developmental conditions of medicine and spiritual culture at the time of grand Prince Stefan Nemanja].

Medieval medicine and pharmacy were the subjects of numerous researches. The enviable level of health culture and social care of the diseased and debilitated people of the Serbian medieval state was far advanced for the time. However, there are scarce written records of the conditions.

[Epilepsy treatment in Serbian medieval monastery hospitals].

Emperor John III Ducas Vatatzes (ruled from 1222-1254) and his son Theodore II Lascaris (ruled from 1254-1258) both suffered from epilepsy. On his journeys to Nicaea, St Sava visited emperors Theodore I Lascaris (ruled from 1204-1222) and John II Vatatzes, who richly rewarded him, which was probably of crucial importance for the foundation of hospitals in the Monastery of Hilandar and the Monastery of Studenica These hospitals had special departments for the treatment of patints with epilepsy. According to researches conducted up-to-date, these departments are considered to be the oldest institutions for epilepsy treatment.

Long-term efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy combined with different antipsychotic drugs in previously resistant schizophrenia.

Background: In treatment-resistant schizophrenia a combination of ECT with antipsychotics has been reported to have superior outcomes compared to other strategies, however the results were inconsistent. We investigated the long-term effects of the combination of unilateral, non-dominant hemisphere ECT with three antipsychotics.

Subjects And Methods: The clinical study was a naturalistic, prospective, open-labeled, active-controlled study in adult outpatients of both genders suffering from treatment-resistant schizophrenia with a follow up of 2 years.

The historical development of psychiatry in Serbia.

The authors present the development of the concept of mental disease and treatment in Serbian medicine. Serbian medieval medicine did not acknowledge fortune telling, sorcery, the use of amulets and magical rituals and formulas. These progressive concepts were confirmed by the Church and the Serbian state in what is known as Dusan's Code.

Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period.

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of clozapine in flexible regime in comparison with haloperidol and chlorpromazine in long term.

Method: The naturalistic study was prospective, active-controlled with 325 adult outpatients of both genders (140 females), with mean year age of 34.8 (range 21-57), suffering from chronic schizophrenia.

[Dr Mladen Jankovic - personality and work (1831-1885)].

Dr Mladen Janković was born in Kanjiza, in the district of Banat, in 1831. He completed the Hungarian High School in Segedin, and graduated from the Faculty of Medicine in Budapest, in 1856. Upon graduation, he moved to Serbia, where he was assigned to the position of a physician in the town of Krusevac.