The Impact of HIV on Early Brain Aging-A Pathophysiological (Re)View.

: This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how HIV alters normal aging trajectories in the brain, presenting the HIV-related molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological pathways involved in brain aging. The review explores the roles of inflammation, oxidative stress, and viral persistence in the brain, highlighting how these factors contribute to neuronal damage and cognitive impairment and accelerate normal brain aging. Additionally, it also addresses the impact of antiretroviral therapy on brain aging and the biological markers associated with its occurrence.

Bacteremia in an Immunocompromised Patient with Hematological Comorbidities-Case Report.

is a rare pathogen that can cause bacteremia in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with hematological conditions like acute myeloid leukemia. In this case, a 56-year-old woman developed bacteremia following chemotherapy and multiple infections, including invasive aspergillosis. Despite broad-spectrum antibiotic treatments, her fever persisted until the blood cultures identified .

endocarditis in an adult patient with patent ductus arteriosus.

Introduction: () is a commensal bacterial pathogen in the human oral cavity. It can, however, represent the source of local or systemic infections with serious evolution, in particular infective endocarditis. We present a particular case of an adult male patient with infective endocarditis with and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

The spectrum of esophagitis in patients living with HIV - a scoping review.

Esophageal lesions are common findings in disorders of the digestive tract in patients living with HIV, the most typical symptoms being odynophagia and/or dysphagia. This article provides a narrative review of the spectrum of esophagitis in patients living with HIV, focusing on fungal, viral, bacterial and non-infectious etiologies, as well as co-infections with viral hepatitis viruses. The article provides a comprehensive approach to the strategy of diagnosis and the role of upper digestive endoscopy and histopathological examination in the evaluation of esophageal pathology in patients living with HIV.

The Clinical Effectiveness and Tolerability of Oseltamivir in Unvaccinated Pediatric Influenza Patients during Two Influenza Seasons after the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Impact of Comorbidities on Hospitalization for Influenza in Children.

Antiviral therapy such as oseltamivir has been recommended for hospitalized children with suspected and confirmed influenza for almost 20 years. The therapy is officially authorized for newborns two weeks of age or older, however, questions about its safety and effectiveness still surround it. Our goals were to assess the epidemiological features of two consecutive seasonal influenza cases in children following the COVID-19 pandemic; to observe the clinical effectiveness and tolerability of oseltamivir in hospitalized children who were not vaccinated against influenza and had different influenza subtypes, including A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B; and to identify specific comorbidities associated with influenza in children.

Replacement Therapy with Blood Products in People Living with HIV.

Cytopenias or coagulation deficiencies can occur in people living with HIV (PLWH). The severity of these disorders is influenced by the low levels of CD4+ lymphocytes, viral load, and the stage of viral infection. The aim of our retrospective observational study was to determine the frequency of cytopenias and coagulation deficiencies in PLWH as well as the need for replacement therapy with blood products.

HEV Infection in the Context of Prior HBV-Related Liver Injury: Case Series.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of acute hepatitis, with increasing incidence in Europe, including Romania. Concurrently, Romania has a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). There is limited research on the clinical presentation and outcomes of HEV infection in patients with pre-existing chronic hepatitis B (CHB), especially in resource-rich settings.

Eosinophilic Colitis and Sepsis With Rapid Remission After Antimicrobial Treatment; A Rare Coincidence and Its Pathogenic Implications.

Eosinophilic colitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the digestive tract with chronic evolution and unknown pathophysiological mechanisms. The article describes the case of a 64-year old woman with a history of asthma and hypereosinophilia, who presented to a surgical department for persistent abdominal pain in the past 4 months, weight loss and malabsorption. She was diagnosed with eosinophilic colitis based on the colonoscopic result indicating extensive eosinophilic infiltration of the colonic mucosa correlated with the laboratory data and abdominal CT scan results.