A phase I study of intra-anal artesunate (suppositories) to treat anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.

Background: Ablation or surgical excision is the typical treatment of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Recurrences are common due to the persistence of underlying human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Additional well-tolerated and effective non-surgical options for HPV-associated anal disease are needed.

Rates of New Peanut Allergy and Discontinuation Following Introduction in High-Risk Infants.

Background: Peanut introduction guidelines recommend that infants with severe eczema and/or egg allergy consume 6 g of peanut protein weekly to prevent peanut allergy. Rates of new peanut allergy after introduction and adherence remain under study.

Objective: To determine compliance with peanut introduction guidelines, rates of new peanut allergy, and reasons for discontinuation of peanut consumption in a cohort of high-risk infants.

Safety and efficacy of topical artesunate for the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3.

Objective: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of topical artesunate ointment for treatment of biopsy-confirmed Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) 2/3.

Methods: Participants were enrolled on a prospective, IRB-approved, dose-escalation phase I trial testing either 1, 2 or 3 treatment cycles (5 days), every other week, as applicable. Clinical assessments were completed prior to each dose cycle and included exam and review of adverse event (AE) diary cards.

Ara h 2-specific IgE is superior to whole peanut extract-based serology or skin prick test for diagnosis of peanut allergy in infancy.

Background: Screening of high-risk infants for peanut allergy (PA) before introduction is now recommended in the United States, but the optimal approach is not clear.

Objective: We sought to compare the diagnostic test characteristics of peanut skin prick test (SPT), peanut-specific IgE (sIgE), and sIgE to peanut components in a screening population of infants before known peanut exposure.

Methods: Infants aged 4 to 11 months with (1) no history of peanut ingestion, testing, or reaction and (2) (a) moderate-severe eczema, (b) history of food allergy, and/or (c) first-degree relative with a history of PA received peanut SPT, peanut-sIgE and component-IgE testing, and, depending on SPT wheal size, oral food challenge or observed feeding.

A first-in-human proof-of-concept trial of intravaginal artesunate to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 (CIN2/3).

Objective: Most treatment options for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 (CIN2/3) are either excisional or ablative, and require sequential visits to health care providers. Artesunate, a compound that is WHO-approved for treatment of acute malaria, also has cytotoxic effect on squamous cells transformed by HPV. We conducted a first-in-human Phase I dose-escalation study to assess the safety and efficacy of self-administered artesunate vaginal inserts in biopsy-confirmed CIN2/3.