Ectopic recurrence of craniopharyngioma in the posterior fossa: Case report and review of the literature.

Craniopharyngiomas are benign epithelial tumors which may very occasionally recur in ectopic locations. We present two cases of ectopic recurrence, both in the posterior fossa, and provide a review of the literature with basic statistics. Two patients admitted to our institution with posterior fossa lesions underwent gross total resection.

Neuroendoscopic septostomy in unilateral and bilateral ventricular hydrocephalus.

Purpose: This study describes the results of septostomy (SPT) in terms of success and analysis of follow-up in a series of pediatric patients diagnosed with unilateral ventricular hydrocephalus (UHV) and biventricular hydrocephalus (BVH).

Methods: A total of 29 pediatric patients diagnosed with UVH or BVH were included in this study. In UVH, a neuroendoscopic SPT was performed (sometimes accompanied by NEFPFMO).

Conventional posterior cranial vault expansion: indications and results-review of the literature.

In the late 1980s, craniofacial surgery units reported suboptimal cosmetic results, cranial volume restriction, and intracranial hypertension after anterior cranial vault remodeling in bilateral coronal synostosis associated with severe brachyturricephaly. A possible explanation was a severe associated growth restriction of the posterior calvaria with radiological synostosis at the lambda sutures. "Conventional" or "fixed" posterior cranial vault expansion techniques were developed to address these limitations, sometimes as the first surgical step in a two-staged protocol of total calvarial reconstruction, combined with suboccipital decompression in cases of symptomatic cerebellar tonsillar herniation or, more easily, to resolve the characteristic occipital flattening of lambdoid synostosis.

Shunt Overdrainage: Reappraisal of the Syndrome and Proposal for an Integrative Model.

Although shunt overdrainage is a well-known complication in hydrocephalus management, the problem has been underestimated. Current literature suggests that the topic requires more examination. An insight into this condition is limited by a lack of universally agreed-upon diagnostic criteria, heterogeneity of published series, the multitude of different management options and misunderstanding of relationships among pathophysiological mechanisms involved.

Quality of life in school-age children with shunt implantation due to neonatal posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.

Purpose: To assess the functional outcome in school-age children shunted in the neonatal period due to post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), using the HOQ-Spanish version (HOQ-sv), and to analyze predictors of quality of life in this group.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed between 2015 and 2018. Parents of pediatric patients with PHH attending our neurosurgery outpatient clinic were invited to complete the HOQ-sv and to enroll in the study.

Emerging Trends in the Neurosurgical Workforce of Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Every year, there are an estimated 22.6 million new neurosurgical consultative cases worldwide, of which 13.8 million require surgery.

Cervical myelomeningocele with CSF leakage: a case-based review.

Background: The cystic spinal dysraphism of the cervical and upper thoracic region (CDCT) accounts for only 3.9 to 8% of spina bifida cystica lesions. The presence of external cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is infrequent and very few authors have reported about surgical complications.

Suprasellar ganglioglioma presenting as a middle cerebral artery infarction.

Background: Gangliogliomas are a relatively rare neoplasm with a major incidence in the pediatric population. As the temporal lobes are the most common site, patients usually present with seizures.

Case Report: We report the case of a 9-year-old child with an extensive suprasellar ganglioglioma presenting with a cerebral infarction due to direct compression of the medium cerebral artery.

Shunt independence in paediatric hydrocephalus: our 16-year experience and review.

Purpose: Shunt independence remains a matter of debate for neurosurgeons, and little information on this subject is available in the literature. The aims of the study were to analyse the incidence of shunt removal in a series of paediatric patients and to describe our experience with attempts at shunt removal.

Methods: Thirty of 212 paediatric patients shunted between 2000 and 2016 at our institution were studied for shunt independence.

Purely neuroendoscopic resection of intraventricular tumors with an endoscopic ultrasonic aspirator.

Surgery for intraventricular tumors remains a controversial and evolving field, with endoscopic resection becoming more popular. We present a series of nine consecutive cases of purely endoscopic resection of intraventricular tumors with the aid of an ultrasonic aspirator specific for neuroendoscopy. Nine patients (five men, four women) aged 18-74 years (mean 43.

Functional outcome in pediatric hydrocephalus: results of applying the Spanish version of the Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE The aims of the study were to assess whether the Spanish version of the Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ) could be useful for the evaluation and comparison of outcomes in the patients in the authors' region with those in patients in other institutions and to analyze predictors of functional outcome in patients with a shunt. METHODS The authors performed this cross-sectional study between March 2015 and April 2016. All the parents of a pediatric patient with hydrocephalus who attended the Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga neurosurgery outpatient clinic were invited to enroll in the study and complete the HOQ-Spanish version.

Factors related to shunt survival in paediatric hydrocephalus. Could failure be avoided?

Background: Improved shunt survival and a better understanding of factors related to failure in paediatric hydrocephalus still pose a challenge for neurosurgeons, in order to avoid morbidity and mortality, as well as the economic impact of repeated revision surgeries. For these reasons, an analysis is performed on the factors related to the first shunt failure in the long-term follow-up of a series in a single centre.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 166 hydrocephalic paediatric patients shunted for the first time between 2000 and 2014.

Octreotide and pasireotide (dis)similarly inhibit pituitary tumor cells in vitro.

Somatostatin analogs (SSA) are the mainstay of pharmacological treatment for pituitary adenomas. However, some patients escape from therapy with octreotide, a somatostatin receptor 2 (sst2)-preferring SSA, and pasireotide, a novel multi-sst-preferring SSA, may help to overcome this problem. It has been proposed that correspondence between sst1-sst5 expression pattern and SSA-binding profile could predict patient's response.

Surgical outcome of the shunt: 15-year experience in a single institution.

Purpose: Surgical outcome after shunt insertion in pediatric hydrocephalus can vary greatly. Although first shunt survival rates and complications have been studied by several teams, much less is known about survival and complications of subsequent systems. The goals of this study were to evaluate the surgical outcome in a series of pediatric patients followed for a long time and establish the differences between first and subsequent extracranial shunt survival and complications.

Safety and Efficacy of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid for High Grade Glioma in Usual Clinical Practice: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: During the last decade, the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has been steadily increasing in neurosurgery. The study's main objectives were to prospectively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of 5-ALA when used in clinical practice setting on high-grade gliomas' patients.

Methods: National, multicenter and prospective observational study.

Increased levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) but not transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) are associated with the severity of congenital hydrocephalus in the hyh mouse.

Aims: Here, we tested the hypothesis that glial responses via the production of cytokines such as transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), which play important roles in neurodegenerative diseases, are correlated with the severity of congenital hydrocephalus in the hyh mouse model. We also searched for evidence of this association in human cases of primary hydrocephalus.

Methods: Hyh mice, which exhibit either severe or compensated long-lasting forms of hydrocephalus, were examined and compared with wild-type mice.

[Recommendations on the use of 5-amino-levulinic acid in surgery of malignant gliomas. Consensus document. The Neuro-oncology Working Group of the Spanish Neurosurgical Society (SENEC)].

Among the prognostic factors when it comes to patients with high-grade gliomas, we find the radicality of the surgery performed. The limitations of this factor are caused by either the extension of the tumour or its location in an eloquent area. To achieve this goal, in the last few years we have developed several methods that allow us to maximise tumour resection, while always trying to cause the least possible co-morbidity.

[Factors related to endoscopic third ventriculostomy prognosis in the paediatric population].

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for paediatric patients has different success rates between the published series, making its recommendation controversial. Different definitions of ETV success, hydrocephalus aetiology or patient age at diagnosis may influence the outcome of the ETV procedure. The aim of this work was to analyse our clinical series and to examine the influence of different factors on ETV outcome.

Multicentric glioblastoma multiforme. Report of 3 cases, clinical and pathological study and literature review.

Multicentric gliomas are uncommon lesions of the central nervous system. Their management remains controversial, but histopathologic diagnosis after complete or partial resection must be performed to differentiate these tumors from other multiple cerebral lesions. Three cases of multicentric glioma are presented, one of which had supra- and infratentorial lesions.

Ependymal denudation and alterations of the subventricular zone occur in human fetuses with a moderate communicating hydrocephalus.

In mutant rodents, ependymal denudation occurs early in fetal life, preceding the onset of a communicating hydrocephalus, and is a key event in the etiology of this disease. The present investigation was designed to obtain evidence whether or not ependymal denudation occurs in 16- to 40-week-old human fetuses developing a communicating hydrocephalus (n = 8) as compared to fetuses of similar ages with no neuropathologic alterations (n = 15). Sections through the walls of the cerebral aqueduct and lateral ventricles were processed for lectin binding and immunocytochemistry using antibodies against ependyma, astroglia, neuroblasts, and macrophages markers.