Antibiotic point prevalence survey and antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized patients across Peruvian reference hospitals.

Background: Peru reports higher levels than other countries in Latin America of resistance to antimicrobials among Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, however data on antibiotic use in Peru are scarce. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and quality of antibiotic prescription in hospitalized patients and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility rates of bacteria causing key bacterial infections.

Methods: We carried out a point prevalence survey of antibiotic prescription at ten public hospitals in nine regions of Peru.

Improving dexamethasone drug loading and efficacy in treating arthritis through a lipophilic prodrug entrapped into PLGA-PEG nanoparticles.

Targeted delivery of dexamethasone to inflamed tissues using nanoparticles is much-needed to improve its efficacy while reducing side effects. To drastically improve dexamethasone loading and prevent burst release once injected intravenously, a lipophilic prodrug dexamethasone palmitate (DXP) was encapsulated into poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)-polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG) nanoparticles (NPs). DXP-loaded PLGA-PEG NPs (DXP-NPs) of about 150 nm with a drug loading as high as 7.

[Percutaneous treatment of hemoptysis. Anatomy, physiopathology and methodology].

We present the results of 105 patients with life-threatening hemoptysis who were treated with the systemic arterial and/or pulmonary artery routes. We also describe the procedure techniques and the angiographic findings. We show the usefulness of the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and chest radiography to identify the bleeding zone previous to the procedure.

Neurological Symptoms of Congenital Portosystemic Shunt Reversed by Venous Endovascular Intervention: A Six Years Follow-Up Study.

Congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS) is a rare disorder characterized by a diversion of Porto-mesenteric blood into systemic veins. Type I is an end to side fistula between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava. Type II is a side to side fistula between the main portal vein or its branches and mesenteric, splenic, gastric, and systemic veins.

Morphogenesis of the saccus vasculosus of turbot Scophthalmus maximus: assessment of cell proliferation and distribution of parvalbumin and calretinin during ontogeny.

The ontogenesis of the saccus vasculosus (SV) of turbot Scophthalmus maximus is described using histological and immunohistochemical methods to assess the general morphology, as well as the distribution of proliferative cells and several calcium-binding proteins (CaBP). The results reveal that the SV begins to differentiate on hatching, when immature coronet cells are morphologically distinguishable. Further morphogenesis involves the formation of a tubular avascular SV, which remains until premetamorphic larval stages.

Endovascular treatment of an aortoiliac tuberculous pseudoaneurysm.

We report a rare case of a tuberculous mycotic aortoiliac pseudoaneurysm treated with an endovascular procedure and follow-up of 36 months. The patient was a white 72-year-old man with pulmonary tuberculosis and a former smoker with hypertension, chronic renal failure, and dyslipidemia. A computed tomographic scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a left paravertebral cavity with fluid content and involvement of vertebrae L2-L4.

Flexions of the popliteal artery: technical considerations of femoropopliteal stenting.

Popliteal artery morphology changes while undergoing knee motion. A main flexion (i.e.

Development of the olfactory system in turbot (Psetta maxima L.).

We have examined the histogenesis of the olfactory system during turbot development using histological and immunohistochemical methods. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry was used to detect dividing cells, whereas calretinin (CR) immunohistochemistry was used to distinguish some neuronal components of the olfactory system. Around hatching, the olfactory placode of embryos transforms into an olfactory pit, which enlarges progressively during development.

Pulmonary artery access embolization in patients with massive hemoptysis in whom bronchial and/or nonbronchial systemic artery embolization is contraindicated.

The objective of this paper is to present an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of patients with massive hemoptysis in whom bronchial and/or nonbronchial systemic arterial embolization is not possible. We describe a percutaneous procedure for pulmonary segmental artery embolization. Between May 2000 and July 2006, 27 adult patients with hemoptysis underwent percutaneous treatment at our department; 20 of 27 patients were embolized via bronchial and or nonbronchial systemic arteries and 7 patients were embolized via pulmonary artery.

Retrograde rotablator in limb salvage: a new technique using an open approach.

Conventional vascular surgery and balloon angioplasty have poor results in severe and diffuse atherosclerotic disease of the infrapopliteal arteries. High-speed rotational atherectomy (Auth Rotablator) has not succeeded either, because of poor long-term patency and the non-reflow phenomenon. We report a case of limb salvage with long occlusion of the three infrapopliteal vessels.

Flexions of the popliteal artery: dynamic angiography.

Background: Stenting of popliteal artery (PA) with self-expandable stents is a therapeutic option in selected patients with arterial disease. Fractures of these stents may occur, and they are thought to be related to development of hinge points (HPs) secondary to knee flexion. However, it remains obscure how movements of the knee affect the morphology of the PA and where HPs occur.

The terminal nerve in turbot, Psetta maxima: a developmental immunocytochemical study.

The ontogeny and organization of the terminal nerve (TN) during turbot development was studied using an antiserum to neuropeptide Y. First immunoreactive cells were detected in the olfactory placode at hatching time. At 1 day after hatching, a loose group of labeled neurons form an extracranial primordial ganglion of the TN.

Immunochemical localization of calretinin in the retina of the turbot (Psetta maxima) during development.

The expression of the calcium-binding protein calretinin was analysed by immunohistochemistry techniques in the retina of turbot (Psetta maxima) from embryonic to juvenile stages. Calretinin immunoreactivity was first detected in retinae from newly hatched larvae, in which the anlage of the inner plexiform layer and a subset of amacrine and ganglion cells displayed a faint immunolabelling. First appearance of photoreceptors during larval life coincided with an increase in the intensity of the labelling.

Development of the eye in the turbot Psetta maxima (Teleosti) from hatching through metamorphosis.

Development of the eyes during the larval and metamorphic stages of the turbot Psetta maxima (Teleosti) was studied using microscopy. Events during differentiation of both eyes occur simultaneously, and no differences between he migrating and no-migrating eye were observed during metamorphosis. At hatching, the eyes are rudimentary, consisting of a neuroepithelial optic cup and a small lens.