Blue Light-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage Underlay Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Apoptosis.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in apoptosis. We reported that Blue Light (BL) induced oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro and increased drusen deposition and RPE cell apoptosis in human eyes. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying BL-induced damage to RPE cells.

Unintended placement of intraocular lens haptics in the sulcus and its association with posterior capsular opacification in pseudophakic post-mortem eyes.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of unintended placement of intraocular lens (IOL) haptics in the sulcus and its association with posterior capsular opacification (PCO).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: 428 post-mortem pseudophakic human eyes.

Uveal Melanoma: Comprehensive Review of Its Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Perspectives.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults. Recent advances highlight the role of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEV) and circulating hybrid cells (CHC) in UM tumorigenesis. Bridged with liquid biopsies, a novel technology that has shown incredible performance in detecting cancer cells or products derived from tumors in bodily fluids, it can significantly impact disease management and outcome.

Protein profile of purified plasma- and aqueous humor-derived extracellular vesicles from patients with ocular toxoplasmosis.

Purpose: To characterize the extracellular vesicle protein cargo in the aqueous humor and plasma of patients with ocular toxoplasmosis.

Methods: Aqueous humor and plasma were collected from six patients with active ocular toxoplasmosis and six patients with cataract. Extracellular vesicles were isolated, and western blotting and mass spectrometry were performed for protein analysis.

Objective analysis of capsulorrhexis factors and posterior capsular opacification in 420 postmortem eyes.

Objective: To evaluate the capsulorrhexis structure in postmortem eyes and determine factors associated with posterior capsular opacification (PCO).

Design: Experimental study.

Participants: Postmortem pseudophakic human eyes (n = 420).

Comprehensive clinical imaging, histopathological analysis and liquid biopsy-based surveillance of human uveal melanoma in a prolonged rabbit xenograft model.

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumor in adults. Our group has previously developed a human uveal melanoma animal model; however, adverse effects caused by the immunosuppressive agent, cyclosporine A, prevented animals from surviving more than 12 weeks. In this study, we tested multiple cyclosporine A doses over an extended disease course up to 20 weeks, providing complete clinical imaging of intraocular tumors, histopathological analysis and liquid biopsy biomarker analysis.

Delineating three-dimensional behavior of uveal melanoma cells under anchorage independent or dependent conditions.

Background: Although rare, uveal melanoma (UM) is a life-threatening malignancy. Understanding its biology is necessary to improve disease outcome. Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture methods have emerged as tools that incorporate physical and spatial cues that better mimic tumor biology and in turn deliver more predictive preclinical data.

Clinical and anatomic correlates of objectively measured zonular dehiscence in 427 postmortem pseudophakic eyes.

Objective: This study aims to objectively measure the degree of zonular dehiscence in postmortem eyes and to assess for clinical and anatomic correlates.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Materials: Four hundred and twenty-seven postmortem pseudophakic human eyes.

Uveal melanoma incidence trends in Canada: 1992-2010 vs. 2011-2017.

Background/aims: Uveal melanoma is the most common type of non-cutaneous melanoma and the most common ocular malignancy in the adult population, especially affecting Caucasians (98% of cases). Despite its low incidence rate, we have noted increasing incidence trends in recent years.

Methods: We analyzed uveal melanoma incidence data using the Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) for 2011-2017 years.

Histopathological analysis of residual lens cells in capsular opacities after cataract surgery using objective software.

Purpose: Remnant lens epithelial cells (LECs) within the capsular bag (CB) undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and acquire a myofibroblast phenotype, depositing extracellular matrix (ECM) components, leading to posterior capsular opacification (PCO). This study histopathologically analyzes the LEC-to-myofibroblast transition and de novo ECM component deposition (i.e.

Filtering blue light mitigates the deleterious effects induced by the oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of blindness in elderly. It is characterized by the loss of central vision due to damaged retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and photoreceptors. Blue Light (BL) exposure was proposed as a risk factor for AMD progression.

Circulating tumor DNA tracking through driver mutations as a liquid biopsy-based biomarker for uveal melanoma.

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular tumor in adults. Despite good primary tumor control, up to 50% of patients develop metastasis, which is lethal. UM often presents asymptomatically and is usually diagnosed by clinical examination and imaging, making it one of the few cancer types diagnosed without a biopsy.

Optical Coherence Tomography of Peri-Ocular Skin Cancers: An Optical Biopsy.

Introduction: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging has been used as a diagnostic tool for retinal disease for several years, and OCT apparatuses are becoming increasingly powerful. However, OCT has yet to reach its full potential in ophthalmology clinics. Alike retinal layers, it has been shown that OCT is able to generate cross-sectional images of the skin and allows visualization of skin lesions in a histopathology-like manner.

Histopathological Variability and Concomitant Lesions in Pterygium in a Large Case Series.

Pterygium is a common lesion consisting of fleshy conjunctival growth extending towards the cornea. There is no documented risk of malignant transformation; however, concomitant disease is not rare, and its link to sunlight exposure indicates a risk of other malignancies. The purpose of our study is to describe histopathological features of resected pterygiums and to recognize patients at risk of other conjunctival diseases.

Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Uveal Melanoma.

Tumor biopsies in uveal melanoma (UM) serve mainly the purpose of prognostication and assessment of individual metastatic risk, but can be used for diagnosis in selected cases. The importance of precise information is paramount for selecting adequate surveillance protocols, patient counseling, and optimization of treatment strategies. However, intratumoral heterogeneity and sample representativity are major concerns and can interfere with the correct prediction of the patient's prognosis.

Acetylsalicylic Acid Exerts Potent Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Effects in Cutaneous and Uveal Melanoma Cell Lines.

Introduction: Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) has been investigated for a potential anticancer role in several cancers, such as colorectal, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. Moreover, ASA has been shown to abrogate various processes that contribute to tumor growth and progression.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ASA on cutaneous melanoma (CM) and uveal melanoma (UM).

Ocular Disease in Mice Inoculated with Pork Heart Samples Infected with .

Purpose: We analyzed the frequency, viability, and genetic characteristics of T. gondii in pork heart samples.

Methods: Thirty-five fresh pork samples were purchased in a slaughterhouse in Erechim city.

Epidemiology of invasive ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Canada during 1992-2010.

Background: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common non-pigmented ocular surface malignancy. It is classified as invasive OSNN (IOSSN) when the underlying stroma are infiltrated by dysplastic squamous epithelial cells through the basement membrane. Here, we present the descriptive epidemiology and geographical distribution of IOSSN in Canada.

Epidemiology of ophthalmic lymphoma in Canada during 1992-2010.

Background: Ophthalmic lymphoma (OL) is the most common orbital tumour, particularly in older individuals. Little is known about the epidemiology and geographic distribution of OL in Canada. Descriptive demographic statistics are an important first step in understanding OL burden and are necessary to inform comprehensive national cancer prevention programmes.