[Neuroendocrine tumor in a horseshoe kidney: relative risk of association of two related entities].

Objective: Primary renal neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is a very rare neoplasia with a higher frequency of appearance in horseshoe kidney (HK). From 1966, when Resnick published the first case, approximately 2 of each 10 new cases appear in kidneys with this malformation. From the diagnosis of a case of primary NET in a HK, we calculated the relative risk of their presentation as associated entities.

[Endoscopic treatment of the vesicoureteral reflux in children: preliminary experience with the subureteral injection of Coaptite].

Objective: To review our experience in the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children with the subureteral injection of calcium hydroxyapatite (Coaptite).

Methods: The serie includes thirteen children whose age ranged between 6 and 13 years. The Coaptite implant was injected subureterally to 20 ureteral units (UU) affected by VUR grades I-IV.