Leishmaniasis in otorhinolaryngology: an emerging disease and its relationship with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha drugs.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical manifestations, management and outcomes of Leishmania lesions in the ear-nose-throat (ENT) region, and its relationship with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α blocking drugs.

Methods: Single-center retrospective observational study. Patients diagnosed with cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis in the otorhinolaryngologic area at a tertiary referral center over a period of 8 years.

Transcanal endoscopic type 3 tympanoplasty with mastoid preservation for advanced active chronic mucosal otitis media.

Background: Chronic mucosal otitis media is a very common ear disease for which patients attend otolaryngology clinics. Most of these patients present with actively discharging ears.

Aims/objectives: This study aims to observe the middle ear space pathology and obtain surgical outcomes as a treatment for patients with advanced chronic mucosal otitis media with a transcanal endoscopic ear surgery approach.

Combined Approach for Giant Temporal Meningoencephalocele.

Introduction: To present a complex case of giant meningoencephalocele after a canal wall down mastoidectomy and describe our preferred approach to repair meningoencephalic herniation of the temporal bone.

Case Report: A 20-year-old patient, who had previously undergone type III tympanoplasty with total ossicular reconstruction prosthesis for an attic cholesteatoma, presents with clinical and imaging features compatible with the diagnosis of a giant temporal meningoencephalocele. We performed a combined approach -transmastoid plus minicraniotomy- to repair the skull base defect.

Advanced Robotic Surgery of the Parapharyngeal Space: Transoral Robotic Styloidectomy in Eagle Syndrome.

Eagle syndrome (ES) is characterized by symptomatic elongation of the styloid process or ossification of the stylohyoid ligament causing irritation and inflammation of the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves. The use of robotic surgery has been accepted as a first-line treatment for some head and neck squamous cell carcinomas but not for styloidectomy. The aim of this article is to document our experience with a transoral robotic approach to treat ES and to present the outcomes of 6 patients.