Characterization of the PIN Auxin Efflux Carrier Gene Family and Its Expression during Zygotic Embryogenesis in .

Auxins are responsible for a large part of the plant development process. To exert their action, they must move throughout the plant and from cell to cell, which is why plants have developed complex transport systems for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). These transporters involve proteins that transport IAA into cells, transporters that move IAA to or from different organelles, mainly the endoplasmic reticulum, and transporters that move IAA out of the cell.

Auxin-Cytokinin Cross Talk in Somatic Embryogenesis of .

Cytokinins (CK) are plant growth regulators involved in multiple physiological processes in plants. One less studied aspect is CK homeostasis (HM). The primary genes related to HM are involved in biosynthesis (IPT), degradation (CKX), and signaling (ARR).

Identification, analysis, and modeling of the YUCCA protein family genome-wide in Coffea canephora.

Auxin is involved in almost every aspect of plant growth and development, from embryogenesis to senescence. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the main known natural auxin that is synthesized by enzymes tryptophan aminotransferase of arabidopsis (TAA) and YUCCA (YUC) of the flavin-containing monooxygenases family (FMO) from one of the tryptophan-dependent pathways. Genome-wide identification and comprehensive analysis of the YUC-protein family have been conducted in Coffea canephora in the present study.

Genome-Wide Analysis, Modeling, and Identification of Amino Acid Binding Motifs Suggest the Involvement of Genes during Somatic Embryogenesis of .

Auxin plays a central role in growth and plant development. To maintain auxin homeostasis, biological processes such as biosynthesis, transport, degradation, and reversible conjugation are essential. The () family genes codify for the enzymes that esterify indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to various amino acids, which is a key process in the induction of somatic embryogenesis (SE).

YUCCA-Mediated Biosynthesis of the Auxin IAA Is Required during the Somatic Embryogenic Induction Process in .

Despite the existence of considerable research on somatic embryogenesis (SE), the molecular mechanism that regulates the biosynthesis of auxins during the SE induction process remains unknown. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is an auxin that is synthesized in plants through five pathways. The biosynthetic pathway most frequently used in this synthesis is the conversion of tryptophan to indol-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) by tryptophan aminotransferase of (TAA) followed by the conversion of IPA to IAA by enzymes encoded by () genes of the flavin monooxygenase family; however, it is unclear whether YUC-mediated IAA biosynthesis is involved in SE induction.