Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production by Steam Reforming and Oxidative Steam Reforming of Methanol over LaSrCoO: Effects of Preparation, Operation Conditions, and Redox Cycles.

LaSrCoO (LSC) perovskite, as a potential catalyst precursor for hydrogen (H)-rich production by steam reforming of methanol (SRM) and oxidative steam reforming of methanol (OSRM), was investigated. For this purpose, LSC was synthesized by the citrate sol-gel method and characterized by complementary analytical techniques. The catalytic activity was studied for the as-prepared and prereduced LSC and compared with the undoped LaCoO (LCO) at several feed gas compositions.

Solid-State Preparation of Metal and Metal Oxides Nanostructures and Their Application in Environmental Remediation.

Nanomaterials have attracted much attention over the last decades due to their very different properties compared to those of bulk equivalents, such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, the size-dependent optical, physical, and magnetic properties. A number of solution fabrication methods have been developed for the synthesis of metal and metal oxides nanoparticles, but few solid-state methods have been reported. The application of nanostructured materials to electronic solid-state devices or to high-temperature technology requires, however, adequate solid-state methods for obtaining nanostructured materials.

Insights of the formation mechanism of nanostructured titanium oxide polymorphs from different macromolecular metal-complex precursors.

The insight into the mechanism of the unprecedented formation of pure anatase TiO from the macromolecular (Chitosan)•(TiOSO) precursor has been investigated using micro Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). The formation of a graphitic film was observed upon annealing of the macromolecular precursor, reaching a maximum at about 500 °C due to decomposition of the polymeric chain of the Chitosan and (PS-co-4-PVP) polymers. The proposed mechanism is the nucleation and growth of TiO nanoparticles over this graphitic substrate.

Solventless Preparation of Thoria and Its Inclusion into SiO and TiO: A Luminescence and Photocatalysis Study.

Thoria was prepared using a solid-state method from the macromolecular precursor Chitosan·Th(NO) (chitosan) and PS-co-4-PVP·Th(NO) (PVP). The morphology and the average size of ThO depend of the chitosan and PS-co-4-PVP polymer forming the precursor. Their photoluminescent properties were investigated, finding a dependence of their intensity emission maxima, with the nature of the precursor polymer.

Functionalization of Gold Nanostars with Cationic β-Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer for Drug Co-Loading and SERS Monitoring.

Gold nanostars (AuNSs) exhibit modulated plasmon resonance and have a high SERS enhancement factor. However, their low colloidal stability limits their biomedical application as a nanomaterial. Cationic β-cyclodextrin-based polymer (CCD/P) has low cytotoxicity, can load and transport drugs more efficiently than the corresponding monomeric form, and has an appropriate cationic group to stabilize gold nanoparticles.

Incorporation of NiO into SiO, TiO, AlO, and NaCa(SiO) Matrices: Medium Effect on the Optical Properties and Catalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue.

The medium effect of the optical and catalytic degradation of methylene blue was studied in the NiO/SiO, NiO/TiO, NiO/AlO, and NiO/NaCa(SiO) composites, which were prepared by a solid-state method. The new composites were characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction of powder), SEM/EDS, TEM, and HR-TEM. The size of the NiO nanoparticles obtained from the PSP-4-PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) precursors inside the different matrices follow the order of SiO > TiO > AlO.

Tailoring the Microstructure of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Support by Calcination and Milling of YSZ.

In this study, the effects of calcination and milling of 8YSZ (8 mol% yttria stabilized zirconia) used in the nickel-YSZ anode on the performance of anode supported tubular fuel cells were investigated. For this purpose, two different types of cells were prepared based on a Ni-YSZ/YSZ/Nd2NiO4+δ-YSZ configuration. For the anode preparation, a suspension was prepared by mixing NiO and YSZ in a ratio of 65:35 wt% (Ni:YSZ 50:50 vol.