Background: This study evaluates the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of a transdermally delivered insulin using novel CaCO(3)-nanoparticles in normal mice and those with diabetes.
Methods: CaCO3-nanoparticles encapsulating insulin (nanoinsulin) were transdermally applied to the back skin of normal ddY mice and dB/dB and kkAy mice with diabetes after fasting for 1 h. Serum insulin levels of ddY mice were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay, and blood glucose of normal mice and those with diabetes was monitored.