Spatial disinfection potential of slightly acidic electrolyzed water.

Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) was developed by Japanese companies over 20 years ago. SAEW has the advantage of potent sterilizing action while being relatively safe. This study evaluated the potential application of SAEW in spatial disinfection.

Effectiveness of slightly acidic electrolyzed water on bacteria reduction: in vitro and spray evaluation.

Bacterial inactivation is a crucial aspect of sanitation and hygiene. The effectiveness of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) for reduction or removal of , and was evaluated. The bactericidal activity of SAEW and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against and were compared through in vitro experiments.

Euzebya tangerina gen. nov., sp. nov., a deeply branching marine actinobacterium isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria edulis, and proposal of Euzebyaceae fam. nov., Euzebyales ord. nov. and Nitriliruptoridae subclassis nov.

A tangerine-coloured, Gram-positive actinobacterial strain, designated F10(T), was isolated from the abdominal epidermis of a sea cucumber, Holothuria edulis, collected in seawater off the coast of Japan. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain F10(T) was a member of the class Actinobacteria and was most closely related to Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus ANL-iso2(T) (87.4 % sequence similarity).

Phycisphaera mikurensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine alga, and proposal of Phycisphaeraceae fam. nov., Phycisphaerales ord. nov. and Phycisphaerae classis nov. in the phylum Planctomycetes.

Three strains, FYK2301M01(T), FYK2301M18 and FYK2301M52, all being Gram-negative, spherical, motile and facultatively anaerobic, were isolated from a marine alga (Porphyra sp.) collected on Mikura Island, Japan. Colonies of the strains were circular and pink-pigmented on Marine Agar 2216 (Difco) at 25 degrees C.

Iamia majanohamensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sea cucumber Holothuria edulis, and proposal of Iamiaceae fam. nov.

A novel, Gram-positive bacterial strain, F12(T), was isolated from the abdominal epidermis of a sea cucumber, Holothuria edulis, collected from seawater off the coast of Japan. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this strain represents a novel, deep-rooting lineage within the class Actinobacteria and clusters with uncultured bacteria and Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans. Compared to species with validly published names, the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (89.

Acanthopleuribacter pedis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a chiton, and description of Acanthopleuribacteraceae fam. nov., Acanthopleuribacterales ord. nov., Holophagaceae fam. nov., Holophagales ord. nov. and Holophagae classis nov. in the phylum 'Acidobacteria'.

Strain FYK2218(T) was isolated from a specimen of the chiton Acanthopleura japonica, which had been collected from a beach on the Boso peninsula in Japan. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain belonged to the phylum 'Acidobacteria'. The most closely related type strains to strain FYK2218(T) were Holophaga foetida TMBS4(T) (83.

Sneathiella glossodoripedis sp. nov., a marine alphaproteobacterium isolated from the nudibranch Glossodoris cincta, and proposal of Sneathiellales ord. nov. and Sneathiellaceae fam. nov.

A novel marine bacterium, designated strain MKT133(T), was isolated from the foot epidermis of a nudibranch, Glossodoris cincta (Mollusca), collected in seawater off the coast of Japan at a depth of 4 m. This bacterium was Gram-negative, motile, mesophilic and strictly aerobic, with small rod-shaped cells. Colonies of the strain after 4-5 days incubation on marine agar 2216 at 30 degrees C were less than 1 mm in diameter.

Tateyamaria omphalii gen. nov., sp. nov., an alpha-Proteobacterium isolated from a top shell Omphalius pfeifferi pfeifferi.

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, coccoid to short rod-shaped marine bacterium strain MKT107(T) was isolated from the molluscan top shell Omphalius pfeifferi pfeifferi collected on the coast of Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain MKT107(T) constitutes a new lineage in alpha-Proteobacteria related to the genera Nereida, Roseobacter, Staleya, Oceanibulbus and Sulfitobacter. Strain MKT107(T) was found to require salt for its growth and to be mesophilic.

Endozoicomonas elysicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a gamma-proteobacterium isolated from the sea slug Elysia ornata.

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-formed bacterium, strain MKT110(T), was isolated from a mollusk, the sea slug Elysia ornata collected in seawater off the coast of Izu-Miyake Island, Japan at a depth of 15m. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis indicated that the isolate MKT110(T) constituted a novel lineage in gamma-proteobacteria related to the genera Zooshikella, Oceanospirillum, Microbulbifer, Marinobacter, Saccharospirillum and Pseudomonas. The strain MKT110(T) was closely related to the clones from marine sponge Halichondria okadai (AB054136, AB054161) and the coral Pocillopora damicornis (AY700600, AY700601).

Pseudovibrio ascidiaceicola sp. nov., isolated from ascidians (sea squirts).

Two bacterial strains, F423T and F10102, were isolated from two ascidians, Polycitor proliferus and Botryllidae sp., respectively, which were collected from a beach on the Boso peninsula in Japan. Cells of both isolates were motile, rod-shaped and formed star-shaped aggregates in the early stage of exponential growth, but were coccoid in stationary growth phase.

Agarivorans albus gen. nov., sp. nov., a gamma-proteobacterium isolated from marine animals.

Six bacterial strains were isolated from healthy marine organisms that were collected from the coast of the Kanto area in Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity showed that the six isolates formed a separate cluster in the gamma-Proteobacteria and were related to the genera Alteromonas and Glaciecola (<91.6 % similarity).

A preliminary report of phylogenetic diversity of bacterial strains isolated from marine creatures.

Bacterial diversity among marine creatures, especially molluscs, as a source for searching out novel lineages of bacteria, was studied. Marine creatures were collected at the coasts of the Kanto area in Japan. A total of 116 strains of bacteria were isolated from the intestines of 19 species of marine creatures includings molluscs, pisces and protochordata.