Characteristics and Habits of Psychiatrists and Neurologists With High Occupational Well-Being: A Mixed Methods Study.

Objective: To identify the characteristics that distinguish occupationally well outliers (OWO), a subset of academic psychiatrists and neurologists with consistently high professional fulfillment and low burnout, from their counterparts with lower levels of occupational well-being.

Participants And Methods: Participants included faculty physicians practicing psychiatry and neurology in academic medical centers affiliated with the Professional Well-being Academic Consortium. In this prospective, longitudinal study, a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach was used.

A qualitative study of strategies to improve occupational well-being in physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians.

Background: Physiatry is a specialty with high rates of burnout. Although organizational strategies to combat burnout are key, it is also important to understand strategies that individual physiatrists can use to address burnout.

Objective: To identify changes that resulted in improvement of occupational well-being of physiatrists over a 6- to 9-month period.

Vacation Days Taken, Work During Vacation, and Burnout Among US Physicians.

Importance: Vacation has been shown to be an important restorative activity in the general population; less is known about physicians' vacation behaviors and their association with burnout and professional fulfillment.

Objective: To examine the number of vacation days taken per year and the magnitude of physician work while on vacation and their association with physician burnout and professional fulfillment, by individual and organizational characteristics.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional survey of US physicians was conducted between November 20, 2020, and March 23, 2021.

Well-Being Parameters and Intention to Leave Current Institution Among Academic Physicians.

Importance: Physician turnover interrupts care delivery and creates health care system financial burden.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of burnout, professional fulfillment, and intention to leave (ITL) among physicians at academic-affiliated health care systems and identify institutional and individual factors associated with ITL.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study administered a survey to 37 511 attending-level medical specialists at 15 academic medical institutions participating in the Healthcare Professional Well-Being Academic Consortium.

Designing and Building a Portfolio of Individual Support Resources for Physicians.

As health care organizations in the United States move toward recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, physicians and clinical faculty are experiencing occupational burnout and various manifestations of distress. To mitigate these challenges, health care organizations must optimize the work environment and provide support for individual clinicians using a variety of approaches, including mentoring, group-based peer support, individual peer support, coaching, and psychotherapy. While often conflated, each of these approaches offers distinct benefits.

At-Risk Work Hours Among U.S. Physicians and Other U.S. Workers.

Introduction: Systematic reviews by the WHO have shown an increased risk of morbidity and mortality related to ischemic heart disease and stroke among individuals working an average of ≥55 hours/week.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of U.S.

IMPACT: Evaluation of a Controlled Organizational Intervention Using Influential Peers to Promote Professional Fulfillment.

Objective: To determine the effects of a popular opinion leader (POL)-led organizational intervention targeting all physicians and advanced practice providers (APPs) working within clinic groups on professional fulfillment (primary outcome), gratitude, burnout, self-valuation, and turnover intent.

Patients And Methods: All 20 Stanford University HealthCare Alliance clinics with ≥5 physicians-APPs were matched by size and baseline gratitude scores and randomly assigned to immediate or delayed intervention (control). Between July 10, 2018, and March 15, 2019, trained POLs and a physician-PhD study investigator facilitated 4 interactive breakfast or lunch workshops at intervention clinics, where colleagues were invited to discuss and experience one evidence-based practice (gratitude, mindfulness, cognitive, and behavioral strategies).

Clinician Distress and Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The National Academy of Medicine's 2019 consensus study on clinician burnout identified a need for research evaluating the impact of clinician distress on health care quality. This study examined the association between clinician distress and the inappropriate use of antibiotic prescriptions for acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in adult outpatients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using electronic health record visit data linked to annual wellness surveys administered to all clinicians at Boston Medical Center from May 4 to June 20, 2017, and June 5 to July 6, 2018.

Can an E-Mail-Delivered CBT for Insomnia Validated in the West Be Effective in the East? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study examined the effects of an e-mail-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), validated in Western countries, on insomnia severity, anxiety, and depression in young adults with insomnia in Eastern countries, particularly Japan. This prospective parallel-group randomized clinical trial included college students with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores of ten or higher. Participants were recruited via advertising on a university campus and randomized to an e-mail-delivered CBT-I (REFRESH) or self-monitoring (SM) with sleep diaries group.

Performance Nutrition for Physician Trainees Working Overnight Shifts: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To compare acute effects of 2 dietary interventions with usual dietary habits on physician trainees' alertness during overnight shifts.

Method: This registered, controlled, block randomized crossover trial (NCT03698123) was conducted between October 2018 and May 2019 at Stanford Medicine. Physician trainees working at least 3 overnight shifts during a 1-week period were recruited.

Beyond burnout: Understanding the well-being gender gap in general surgery by examining professional fulfillment and control over schedule.

Background: Prior research has revealed a gender gap in physician burnout. Our study attempts to elucidate the cause for the differences in burnout among male and female general surgeons (GS).

Methods: The study is based on a sample of 431 GS from 11 healthcare organizations participating in the Physician Wellness Academic Consortium.

Examining the measurement equivalence of the Maslach Burnout Inventory across age, gender, and specialty groups in US physicians.

Background: Disparities in US physician burnout rates across age, gender, and specialty groups as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI) are well documented. We evaluated whether disparities in US physician burnout are explained by differences in the MBI's functioning across physician age, gender, and specialty groups.

Methods: We assessed the measurement equivalence of the MBI across age, gender, and specialty groups in multi-group item response theory- (IRT-) based differential item functioning (DIF) analyses using secondary, cross-sectional survey data from US physicians (n = 6577).

Establishing Crosswalks Between Common Measures of Burnout in US Physicians.

Background: Physician burnout is often assessed by healthcare organizations. Yet, scores from different burnout measures cannot currently be directly compared, limiting the interpretation of results across organizations or studies.

Objective: To link common measures of burnout to a single metric in psychometric analyses such that group-level scores from different assessments can be compared.

Perceived Electronic Health Record Usability as a Predictor of Task Load and Burnout Among US Physicians: Mediation Analysis.

Background: Electronic health record (EHR) usability and physician task load both contribute to physician professional burnout. The association between perceived EHR usability and workload has not previously been studied at a national level. Better understanding these interactions could give further information as to the drivers of extraneous task load.

Assessment of Physician Sleep and Wellness, Burnout, and Clinically Significant Medical Errors.

Importance: Sleep-related impairment in physicians is an occupational hazard associated with long and sometimes unpredictable work hours and may contribute to burnout and self-reported clinically significant medical error.

Objective: To assess the associations between sleep-related impairment and occupational wellness indicators in physicians practicing at academic-affiliated medical centers and the association of sleep-related impairment with self-reported clinically significant medical errors, before and after adjusting for burnout.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used physician wellness survey data collected from 11 academic-affiliated medical centers between November 2016 and October 2018.