PI4K-beta and MKNK1 are regulators of hepatitis C virus IRES-dependent translation.

Cellular translation is down-regulated by host antiviral responses. Picornaviridae and Flaviviridae including hepatitis C virus (HCV) evade this process using internal ribosomal entry sequences (IRESs). Although HCV IRES translation is a prerequisite for HCV replication, only few host factors critical for IRES activity are known and the global regulator network remains largely unknown.

A targeted functional RNA interference screen uncovers glypican 5 as an entry factor for hepatitis B and D viruses.

Unlabelled: Chronic hepatitis B and D infections are major causes of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Efficient therapeutic approaches for cure are absent. Sharing the same envelope proteins, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus use the sodium/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (a bile acid transporter) as a receptor to enter hepatocytes.

BRCA1/2 mutation analysis in 41 ovarian cell lines reveals only one functionally deleterious BRCA1 mutation.

Mutations in BRCA1/2 increase the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. Germline BRCA1/2 mutations occur in 8.6-13.