Publications by authors named "Mickael Dubourd"
Genome-wide integration of microRNA and transcriptomic profiles of differentiating human alveolar epithelial cells.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
July 2020
The alveolar epithelium is comprised of two cell types, alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) cells, the latter being capable of self-renewal and transdifferentiation into AT1 cells for normal maintenance and restoration of epithelial integrity following injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of several biological processes, including cell differentiation; however, their role in establishment/maintenance of cellular identity in adult alveolar epithelium is not well understood. To investigate this question, we performed genome-wide analysis of sequential changes in miRNA and gene expression profiles using a well-established model in which human AT2 (hAT2) cells transdifferentiate into AT1-like cells over time in culture that recapitulates many aspects of transdifferentiation in vivo.
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- Hypoxia, which means having low oxygen, can cause problems in lung diseases, and a protein called TGM1 might help to keep cells in the lung stable when there's not enough oxygen.
- Researchers studied how hypoxia affects TGM1 in lung cells, finding that when cells are exposed to low oxygen, TGM1 levels increase and it helps strengthen cell junctions.
- This study shows that TGM1 is controlled by another protein called HIF-1, and boosting TGM1 could be a new way to treat some lung diseases.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists studied how genes in different cell types are controlled by tiny changes that can affect how cells look and work.
- They looked at lung cells as they changed from one type to another after an injury, using special techniques to track these changes.
- Their research found important factors that help with this cell change, which could lead to new discoveries in how other types of cells differentiate, too!
Article Synopsis
- Researchers found that a process called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may help create a type of cell called fibroblasts in a lung disease known as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
- They used special mice that have cells that glow green to study how lung cells change after injury and what materials in the environment affect these changes.
- The study showed that when lung cells were exposed to type I collagen, they changed shape and began to act more like fibroblasts, which is linked to a specific signaling pathway that helps regulate these changes.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists found that stress in a part of cells called the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can cause a certain type of lung cell, called AT2 cells, to die and change into another type of cell, which is not good for lung health.
- They did tests using chemicals that caused ER stress and saw that this led to changes in important proteins that help cells stick together, showing that some cells turned into a different type that can make scar tissue in the lungs.
- The researchers also discovered that they could stop these changes by using a special drug, and they found similar signs of cell stress in mouse lungs after injury, which helps show that ER stress can be harmful in lung diseases.